geography unit 4 Flashcards
renewable?
a resource that regenerates within 100 years.
Natural resources?
materials in nature that humans use.
non-renewable?
a resource that takes millions of years to regenerate.
primary industry?
deals with extracting natural resources eg. agriculture, fishing.
secondary industry?
covers manufacturing of goods. eg. food processing, factory worker.
tertiary industry?
provides services. eg. cashier, football player.
quatanery industry?
research and development, mproving products. eg. programmers.
what are the 2 types of minig?
open pit mining and underground (shaft) mining.
open pit mining?
when minerals are close to the surface so we dig a pit and mine.
underground mining?
extracting ore below the surface of the earth.
advantages of mining?
provides employment, gives us products from materials.
disadvantages of mining?
greenhouse gases, destruction of habitat and vegetation.
what are the methods of forestry?
clear cutting, strip cutting, shelterwood cutting, selective cutting.
clear cutting?
cutting down every tree in an area. less expensive, saves time, can remove disease, destroys habitat, erosion.
strip cutting?
cutting trees into strips. leaves behind more habitat, takes longer.
shelterwood cutting?
cutting trees which leads to the establishment of a new generation of seedlings. better looking, grows more trees, difficulty, costly.
selective cutting?
cutting only mature trees. leaving trees behind to grow, good for building around there, takes more time.
technology advancements in agriculture?
-using robots to pick weeds
-using sensors to detect growth in vegetation
-using drones to see unheakthy crops.
intensive farming?
densly populated (Ontario, Quebec). high land value. grows vegetables, fruits, dairy and meats.
extensive farming?
in praires with lower land value. eg. cattles ranching, grain, and oil seeds.
inshore fishing?
-small boats
-low income
-self employed
offshore fishing?
-large ship
-lots of gear
-reasonable income
what are the 3 reasons for fishing?
-recreational- for enjoyment
-commercial- for profit
-subsistance-for survival
why did the fishing industry collapse?
overfishing, enviremental destruction, climate change.
