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EOY Revision Yr 9 > Geography > Flashcards

Geography Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the earth gojng inside to out

A

Inner core, outer core,mantle ,crust

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2
Q

What is another name for the crust

A

The lithosphere

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3
Q

What is tbe crust made out of

A

Tectonic plates

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4
Q

How does the mantle move

A

Slow big circles caused by convection currents

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5
Q

What state is the crust

A

Solid

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6
Q

What state is the mantle

A

Semi-molten (semi liquid rock)

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7
Q

What state is the outer core

A

Semi liquid iron

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8
Q

Where is the earth’s magnetic field generated in the earth

A

The outer core due to being made of iron

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9
Q

What state is the material of the inner core and why

A

Solid due to pressure

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10
Q

What is the inner core made out of

A

Iron and nickel

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11
Q

What is the source of heat driving the convecton currents

A

Radioactive decay deep within the earth

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12
Q

What happens at the edge of plate on the earth

A

Earthquakes and volcanoes

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13
Q

What did alfred wegener believe in 1912

A

That all continents formed one land mass named pangaea

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14
Q

What is the idea that the continents separated from one land mass

A

continental drift

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15
Q

What is nuclear powerඩ

A

Electric or motive power generated by a nuclear reactor/reaction

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16
Q

What are the 7 most important super
Powers

A

Brazil,Russia,India,China,France,Britain,Usa

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17
Q

Define a superpower

A

An extremely powerful country, especially one capable of influencing international events and the acts and policies of less powerful countires. Its power can be felt all over the world.(it is not flight or invisibilty)(it is)

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18
Q

What is development

A

The improvement of people’s quality of life

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19
Q

Examples of developed countries

A

England,France,Usa,Canada,japan

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20
Q

Emerging countries are…

A

Countries where quality of life has improved recently however it is not good enough to be considered develoed

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21
Q

Examples of emerging countries are

A

China and india

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22
Q

The BRIC countries are

A

Brazil,Russia,India and China

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23
Q

What are BRIC countries

A

Emerging countries that are rapidly developing in the 21st century (Brazil, Russia, India, and China)

24
Q

What are developing countries

A

The poorest countries where quality of life is lower

25
Q

Examples of developing countries

A

Afghanistan( due to war) and Haiti (due to natural disasters)

26
Q

How can we identify a country’s development through wealth

A

The country can spend more on public services such as health care and security benefitting the Qol(quality of life)

27
Q

What can we use to measure the economic development of a counry as a whole and what is its definition

A

GDP(gross Domestic product))
The total value of goods and services produced ina country per year

28
Q

What is the GDp per capita

A

The GDP per person

29
Q

How can the GDP per capita be calculated

A

Dividing the total GDP by population

This gives uou an idea of the average wealth of each oerson

30
Q

What is the problem with GDP

A

It gives the overall figure of the country not what each person has.(overlooks inequality and cannot calculate the difference between the rich and poor)

31
Q

What is HDI

A

Human development index
A composite measure of development as it takes into account more than one type of measue

32
Q

What makes up HDI

A

The life expectancy/health
The education level
The income

These are combined to get one oevrall score

33
Q

What can life expectanty tell us about the development of s country

A

If people live longer the quality of life and health care is better

34
Q

How can education show the development of a country

A

Shows how many people can recieve a good education to get a well paying job.(increases quality of life)

35
Q

Which is better when evaluating development
HDI or GDP

A

HDI as it can indicate how money is spent in the country

36
Q

What is a high and low HDI score respectively

A

1 and 0

37
Q

What is the birthrate of a country

A

The number of live births per 1000 population per year

38
Q

Whatis the death rate of a country

A

The amount of deaths per 1000 population per year

39
Q

What can increase the deathrate

A

Natural disasters,war or disease

40
Q

What is natural increase and decrease

A

Where the birth rate of a is either higher or lower than the death rate which either increases or deceases the population

41
Q

What is life expectancy

A

The average number of years that a person can expect to live to

42
Q

How can life expectancy affect the Qol

A

Requires good healthcare shstem,access to healthy food and a lack of disease all increasing th£ Qol

43
Q

What is infant mortality

A

The amount of children who doe before their first bithday per 1000 births a year

44
Q

Why would there be s high birth rate in developing countries

A

Lack of access to contraception ans there is a need for more children to provide for their fam8ly

45
Q

In a developing country, what increases or decreases

A

Birth rate is high,death rate is high,infant mortality is increaing,life expectancy is low

46
Q

In emerging countries what is increaing or decreasing

A

Birth rate is decreasing,death rate is falling,life expectancy is increasing, infant mortality is decreasing

47
Q

What is increasing lr decreasing in developed countries

A

Birth rate is decreasing, death rate is low, life expectancy is high,infant mortality is low

48
Q

What can a lack of investment in healthcare and education cuase

A

A cycle of poverty

49
Q

What cn development do to the environment

A

It can negatively impact due to the amount of industrialisation required to achieve the status of a developed country

50
Q

How fast is development in landlocked countries

A

Slow as most trade happens through sea which is essential to development

51
Q

Which land type is bad for development

A

Infertile land as it will not be able to sustain a karge population or work force with the amount of food self-made

52
Q

Why is land on tectonic boundaries or easily flooded bad for development

A

This is because of natural disasters such as flooding and earthquakes which heavily impacts the country by destroying structures

53
Q

Which climates are not best for development

A

Tropical,hot deserts or tundras are quite bas for developemnt as it can be hard to gain resources such as food while also negatively imapacting work conditions by being too hot or cold

54
Q

What natural resources are bad for development

A

Countries having too little or much of resources such as coal,oil or gold is bad as it can lead to corruption or not being able to sell them to create an income(if they have little)

55
Q

What natural resources are bad for development

A

Countries having too little or much of resources such as coal,oil or gold is bad as it can lead to corruption or not being able to sell them to create an income(if they have little)

56
Q

4 evidence of continental drift?

A

Jigsaw fit, Convectional currents, study of fossils and geological patterns

57
Q

What were the pieces of evidence prominently known as to prove Alfred Wegener’s theory of continental drift?

A

Paleomagnetism - As lava cools the magnetic iron points to the north pole. It was known at the time that the earth’s polarity switches approximately every 100mill years and when this reversed from north to south, the iron particles in the erupting magma aligned themselves with the Earth’s new polarity at that time – this creates evidence of seafloor spreading.
Convection currents - found to move the tectonic plates through magma drising to 5000° and cooling down
Fossil evidence - fun din’sur man (Mesosaurus) fossils found in South Africa and South America suggesting the continents were interconnected
Jigsaw fit - visually, it seems as if the continents could slot into each other like jigsaw pieces

EOY Revision Yr 9 (6 decks)

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