Geography Flashcards
Name the three types of rocks
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
Give examples of sedimentary rocks
Chalk
Sandstone
Give examples of igneous rocks
Granite
Basalt
Give examples of metamorphic rocks
Schist
Slate
What are sedimentary rocks?
Rocks formed in layers called beds
What do sedimentary rocks often contain?
Fossils
What are igneous rocks?
Hard rocks, formed of crystals that are usually impermeable
What does impermeable mean?
Water doesn’t pass through them
What are igneous rocks made of?
Crystals
What forms basalt?
Lava cooling
What type of rock is the north uk?
Mainly igneous and metamorphic
What type of rock is the south uk?
Mainly softer sedimentary rocks
State the three types of weathering
Chemical
Physical
Biological
What is chemical weathering?
The breakdown of rocks through slightly acidic water
What is biological weather?
The breakdown of rocks through actions of plants and animals
What is physical weathering?
The breakdown of rocks through the expansion of water into ice
What is weathering?
The breakdown of rocks in situ
What are the two methods of mass movement?
Slumping
Sliding
How do waves erode the coast?
Hydraulic Action
Abrasion
Solution
Attrition
What is hydraulic action?
The impact of water compressing air in joints in rocks
What is abrasion?
The throwing of rocks at the coast
What is attrition?
The rocks and pebbles rubbing together to turn into smaller pieces
What is solution?
The chemical action of the water dissolving rocks
