Genki 1 - 文法

Question 0

〜ましょう

〜ましょうか

Answer 0

Let’s/shall we

Replace masu with mashou for ‘let’s …’

Replace masu with mashouka for ‘shall we …’

Question 1

〜ませんか

Answer 1

Extends an invitation.

Us negative verb masu form with Ka

Question 2

Have not ~ yet

Answer 2

まだ(Verb)ていません

Te form of verb is used

Question 3

I intend to.

Answer 3

~つもりだ

Short form followed by つもりだ expresses intention.

Question 4

To become

Answer 4

なる can follow nouns and adjectives

な-adjective
Change な to に and add なる

静かなーー>静かになる

い-adjectives
Change い to く and add なる

暖かいーー>あたたかくなる

Nouns
Add になる

会社員ーー>会社員になる

Question 5

Giving examples

Verbs

Answer 5

〜たり〜たりする

When listing use た-form of verb and add り。する is used after the last example.

週末は、勉強したり、友だちと話したりしなした。

Question 6

Giving examples

Nouns

Answer 6

Instead of と use や

Question 7

〜んです

Answer 7

Is an explanation form. It accounts for what is not being said.

Verbs
Short form ＋んです

な-adjectives and nouns
な+んです

With か it invites comments on what has just been said

Question 8

Too much

Answer 8

Verbs
Verb stem +すぎる

い-adjective
Remove い and add +すぎる

な-adjective
Remove な and add +すぎる

Question 9

Advice expression

Answer 9

Affirmative

Past tense short form +ほうがいい

Negative

Negative present tense +ほうがいい

Question 10

Reason Indicator

More formal

Answer 10

(Reason1)ので(reason2)

Question 11

Must~

Answer 11

Short negative ＋なくちゃいけません

You had to
Short negative ＋なくちゃいけませんでした

Question 12

Guess/prediction

Answer 12

〜でしょう

Verb/い-adjectives
Short form+〜でしょう
Negative short form + 〜でしょう

Nouns/な-adjectives 
Short form (positive or negative) with no な or だ +でしょう