GenitoUrinary Flashcards

1
Q

Defined as urine output > 3L/day

A

Polyuria

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2
Q

Described as the rapid decrease in renal function over days to weeks. Caused by blunt trauma, illness, surgery, obstruction or medications.

A

Acute Kidney Trauma (AKI)

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3
Q

Inflammation of the glomeruli most commonly after a strep infection

A

Nephritic syndrome

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4
Q

____ syndrome is classified as abnormal glomerular permeability. There will be NO blood in labs and marked proteinuria.

A

Nephrotic

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5
Q

Another name for nephritic syndrome?

A

Glomerulonephritis

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6
Q

This kidney disease is most common in young males (60% ages 2-12). Key features of an acute case would be abrupt onset of hematuria w/mild proteinuria.

A

Nephritic syndrome (glomerulonephritis)

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7
Q

This kidney disease is often caused by other pathologies such as DM, lupus, drug abuse, etc. Key features are massive proteinuria and no hematuria.

A

Nephrotic syndrome

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8
Q

Kidney stones

A

Nephrolithiasis

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9
Q

Predominant age for nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)

A

Middle age

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10
Q

__% of the time a kidney stone is passed through urination within 72 hours

A

85%

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11
Q

Distention of the kidney due to excess urine backup

A

Hydronephrosis

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12
Q

An upper urinary tract infection (UTI) in the kidney is called _____

A

Pyelonephritis

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13
Q

A lower urinary tract infection (UTI) usually refers to _____

A

Cystitis (bladder infection)

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14
Q

Urethritis is commonly caused by _____

A

STD

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15
Q

This bacteria is the cause of lower UTI 90% of the time

A

E. coli

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16
Q

Involuntary loss of urine > or = 2x/month during the day or night (in children)

A

Enuresis

17
Q

Retrograde flow of urine from bladder into ureters or kidneys

A

Vesicoureteral reflux

18
Q

The most common renal cancer

A

Renal cell carcinoma (90-95%)

19
Q

Most common type of bladder, ureter, and urethra cancer. 2nd most common in kidney

A

Transitional cell carcinoma

20
Q

This kidney tumor manifests in children <5. Possibly caused by genetic abnormalities.

A

Wilms’ Tumor (Nephroblastoma)

21
Q

The main differences between a UTI and interstitial cystitis is ____ will have normal labs, it is diagnosed by exclusion.

A

Interstitial cystitis