GenitoUrinary Flashcards
Defined as urine output > 3L/day
Polyuria
Described as the rapid decrease in renal function over days to weeks. Caused by blunt trauma, illness, surgery, obstruction or medications.
Acute Kidney Trauma (AKI)
Inflammation of the glomeruli most commonly after a strep infection
Nephritic syndrome
____ syndrome is classified as abnormal glomerular permeability. There will be NO blood in labs and marked proteinuria.
Nephrotic
Another name for nephritic syndrome?
Glomerulonephritis
This kidney disease is most common in young males (60% ages 2-12). Key features of an acute case would be abrupt onset of hematuria w/mild proteinuria.
Nephritic syndrome (glomerulonephritis)
This kidney disease is often caused by other pathologies such as DM, lupus, drug abuse, etc. Key features are massive proteinuria and no hematuria.
Nephrotic syndrome
Kidney stones
Nephrolithiasis
Predominant age for nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)
Middle age
__% of the time a kidney stone is passed through urination within 72 hours
85%
Distention of the kidney due to excess urine backup
Hydronephrosis
An upper urinary tract infection (UTI) in the kidney is called _____
Pyelonephritis
A lower urinary tract infection (UTI) usually refers to _____
Cystitis (bladder infection)
Urethritis is commonly caused by _____
STD
This bacteria is the cause of lower UTI 90% of the time
E. coli
Involuntary loss of urine > or = 2x/month during the day or night (in children)
Enuresis
Retrograde flow of urine from bladder into ureters or kidneys
Vesicoureteral reflux
The most common renal cancer
Renal cell carcinoma (90-95%)
Most common type of bladder, ureter, and urethra cancer. 2nd most common in kidney
Transitional cell carcinoma
This kidney tumor manifests in children <5. Possibly caused by genetic abnormalities.
Wilms’ Tumor (Nephroblastoma)
The main differences between a UTI and interstitial cystitis is ____ will have normal labs, it is diagnosed by exclusion.
Interstitial cystitis
