GenitoUrinary

Question 1

Defined as urine output > 3L/day

Answer 1

Polyuria

Question 2

Described as the rapid decrease in renal function over days to weeks. Caused by blunt trauma, illness, surgery, obstruction or medications.

Answer 2

Acute Kidney Trauma (AKI)

Question 3

Inflammation of the glomeruli most commonly after a strep infection

Answer 3

Nephritic syndrome

Question 4

____ syndrome is classified as abnormal glomerular permeability. There will be NO blood in labs and marked proteinuria.

Answer 4

Nephrotic

Question 5

Another name for nephritic syndrome?

Answer 5

Glomerulonephritis

Question 6

This kidney disease is most common in young males (60% ages 2-12). Key features of an acute case would be abrupt onset of hematuria w/mild proteinuria.

Answer 6

Nephritic syndrome (glomerulonephritis)

Question 7

This kidney disease is often caused by other pathologies such as DM, lupus, drug abuse, etc. Key features are massive proteinuria and no hematuria.

Answer 7

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 8

Kidney stones

Answer 8

Nephrolithiasis

Question 9

Predominant age for nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)

Answer 9

Middle age

Question 10

__% of the time a kidney stone is passed through urination within 72 hours

Answer 10

85%

Question 11

Distention of the kidney due to excess urine backup

Answer 11

Hydronephrosis

Question 12

An upper urinary tract infection (UTI) in the kidney is called _____

Answer 12

Pyelonephritis

Question 13

A lower urinary tract infection (UTI) usually refers to _____

Answer 13

Cystitis (bladder infection)

Question 14

Urethritis is commonly caused by _____

Answer 14

STD

Question 15

This bacteria is the cause of lower UTI 90% of the time

Answer 15

E. coli

Question 16

Involuntary loss of urine > or = 2x/month during the day or night (in children)

Answer 16

Enuresis

Question 17

Retrograde flow of urine from bladder into ureters or kidneys

Answer 17

Vesicoureteral reflux

Question 18

The most common renal cancer

Answer 18

Renal cell carcinoma (90-95%)

Question 19

Most common type of bladder, ureter, and urethra cancer. 2nd most common in kidney

Answer 19

Transitional cell carcinoma

Question 20

This kidney tumor manifests in children <5. Possibly caused by genetic abnormalities.

Answer 20

Wilms’ Tumor (Nephroblastoma)

Question 21

The main differences between a UTI and interstitial cystitis is ____ will have normal labs, it is diagnosed by exclusion.

Answer 21

Interstitial cystitis