Genetics Vocab

Question 1

Trait

Answer 1

Any characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring

Question 2

Heredity

Answer 2

Passing of traits from parent to offspring

Question 3

Genetics

Answer 3

study of heredity

Question 4

Monohybrid cross

Answer 4

Cross involving a single trait e.g. flower color

Question 5

Dihybrid cross

Answer 5

cross involving contrasting two traits e.g. flower color & plant height

Question 6

Punnett Square

Answer 6

Used to help solve genetics problems

Question 7

Alleles

Answer 7

one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

Question 8

Dominant

Answer 8

Stronger of two genes expressed in the hybrid

Represented by a capital letter R

Question 9

Recessive

Answer 9

Gene that shows up less often in a cross; represent by a lowercase letter r

Question 10

Genotype

Answer 10

Gene combination for a trait (e.g. RR, Rr, rr)

Question 11

Phenotype

Answer 11

Physical feature resulting for a genotype (e.g. red, white)

Question 12

Homozygous genotype

Answer 12

Gene combination involving 2 dominant or 2 recessive genes (e.g. RR or rr); also called pure

Question 13

Heterozygous genotype

Answer 13

Gene combination of one dominant & one recessive allele (e.g. Rr); also called hybrid