Genetics Terminology Basics Flashcards
1
Q
What are genes?
A
Hereditary information that is passed from parents to offspring.
2
Q
What does diploid mean?
A
Having 2 copies of each gene, 2n. Describes a complete set of DNA (one from dad, the other from mom)
3
Q
What does haploid mean?
A
Having 1 copy of each gene, n. Describes only one set of parental genes from either mom OR dad.
4
Q
What are alleles?
A
Different versions of a gene (P or p).
5
Q
What is a homozygous gene?
A
A gene that has 2 of the same alleles (PP or pp).
6
Q
What is a heterozygous gene?
A
A gene that has both alleles (Pp)
7
Q
What is a phenotype?
A
The physical expression of a gene, can be visible, like eye color.
8
Q
What is a genotype?
A
The genetic composition of a phenotype that are made up of expressed alleles and genetic instructions.
