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Rabbit Bowl > Genetics & Reproduction > Flashcards

Genetics & Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

What is an unaltered or intact male rabbit?

A

Buck

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2
Q

What is an unaltered or intact female rabbit?

A

Doe

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3
Q

What is an adult?

A

Any fully developed, mature rabbit of breeding age

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4
Q

What do you call a written certificate issued by the owner of a stud buck, showing its pedigree and the date of breeding to a particular doe?

A

Breeding Certificate

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5
Q

What is cannibalism?

A

The practice of a doe eating her own young

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6
Q

What is crossbreeding?

A

The mating of two different breeds together producing a non-showable rabbit.

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7
Q

What is the mother rabbit called?

A

Dam

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8
Q

What is it called when another doe other than the dam to nurse and raise the young?

A

Fostering

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9
Q

What is genotype?

A

The genetic, inherited characteristics of the rabbit

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10
Q

What is gestation?

A

The length of time between conception and birth. The carrying of young.

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11
Q

What is the term for carrying the young?

A

Gestation

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12
Q

What is the term for a breeding system that involves very close mating of rabbit stock such as brother and sister, or parent and offspring?

A

Inbreeding

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13
Q

What is the term for a young or newly born rabbit?

A

Kit

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14
Q

What is the term for the process of giving birth to young rabbits?

A

Kindle or Kindling

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15
Q

What does lactate mean?

A

To produce milk

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16
Q

What is the term for a system of mating stock so that offspring are close descendents?

A

Line Breeding

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17
Q

What is the term for a group of kits born to a doe when she kindles?

A

Litter

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18
Q

What is a special box in which the doe kindles called?

A

Nestbox

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19
Q

What is the term for a mating which produces offspring that are superior to either parent?

A

Nick

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20
Q

What is outcrossing?

A

Mating unrelated stock of the same breed

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21
Q

Define palpation.

A

Feeling abdomen of the female rabbit to check if she is pregnant

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22
Q

What is another term for the act of giving birth?

A

Parturition

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23
Q

What is phenotype?

A

The actual physical appearance of the rabbit

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24
Q

What is the father rabbit called?

A

Sire

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25
Q

What is the term for separating the doe and the young so the young can no longer nurse?

A

Weaning

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26
Q

When palpating a doe at 10 days gestation, what size are the fetuses and what do they feel like?

A

Size of large, ripe blueberry and feel like round objects; slightly larger than a fecal pellet

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27
Q

When palpating a doe between 10-14 days gestation, what size are the embryos and what do they feel like?

A

Size of ripe olive and feel like grapes

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28
Q

What do you feel when palpating a doe at 28 days gestation?

A

bodies, heads, legs

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29
Q

When should you provide a nest box for the doe?

A

at 28 days gestation

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30
Q

If you breed Self to Self, what ratio will you get?

A

100% Self

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31
Q

If you breed Charlie to Charlie, what ratio will you get?

A

100% Charlie

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32
Q

If you breed Broken to Broken, what ratio will you get?

A

25% Self, 25% Charlie, 50% Broken

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33
Q

If you breed Broken to Charlie, what ratio will you get?

A

50% Broken, 50% Charlie, 0% Self

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34
Q

If you breed Broken to Self, what ratio will you get?

A

50% Broken, 50% Self, 0% Charlie

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35
Q

If you breed Charlie to Self, what ratio will you get?

A

100% Broken

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36
Q

When is the only time rabbits should be on “full feed”?

A

Does that are nursing litters

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37
Q

Where is baby saver wire used?

A

Sides and ends

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38
Q

What is felt during palpation is not the embryo itself but rather what membrane?

A

Fluid filled Amnion

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39
Q

Kits receive all the antibodies and nutrients from the placenta that they need, so what do they not need at birth from their mother?

A

Colostrum

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40
Q

When is Ketosis or pregnancy toxemia seen in rabbits?

A

Around kindling time in does that are overly fat

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41
Q

For proper breeding, does should be exposed to a minimum of how many hours of light per day?

A

16 hours

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42
Q

What type of nest box is best used in winter?

A

Wood

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43
Q

What is a slipped crown and what does it cause?

A

Placement of the crown too far forward or too far back on lop breeds - Causes misplaced ear carriage

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44
Q

Why do you breed and cull for animals that drink a lot of water?

A

They are easy to condition the fur

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45
Q

What is an integral part of any breed improvement program?

A

Type

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46
Q

What should you do with a bred doe around 30 days?

A

Check every few hours

47
Q

When should the amount of feed be restricted for pregnant does?

A

Right before kindling, right after kindling and after weaning

48
Q

What is the purpose of a breeding certificate?

A

As proof of the ancestry of the anticipated litter

49
Q

Breeding your meat pen doe 100 days before show, how old will kits be on day of the show?

A

70 days

50
Q

What do some breeders refer Charlie’s to?

A

genetically weak and unhealthy

51
Q

If kits kept warm and dry, how long can they live without feeding?

A

72 hours / 3 days

52
Q

Which mutation was discovered in the mid-thirties by Mr. Walter Huey?

A

Satin mutation

53
Q

When male rabbits are exposed to temperatures in excess of 80 degrees for five successive days, their semen may be totally void of live sperm for a period of how many days after exposure?

A

60 to 90 days

54
Q

What should you do when your meat doe gives birth?

A

Immediately start to examine and cull

55
Q

How much feed should you feed your meat doe during the second half of her pregnancy?

A

Heaping cup as long as she consumes what you give her

56
Q

Name 4 characteristics of newborn kits.

A

Blind, deaf, poor sens of smell, little ability to control body temperature

57
Q

What should you do after the young are born and doe has settled down?

A

Check litter, remove any dead or deformed babies and take out any that are exceptionally small, remove soiled or bloody nest material

58
Q

What are the three methods used for pregnancy diagnosis?

A

Observation of abdominal development, Test Mating, Manual Palpation

59
Q

What is the preferred method of pregnancy diagnosis in rabbits?

A

Manual Palpation

60
Q

Name 3 appropriate materials that can be used for nesting material?

A

Straw, Chopped hay, Wood Shavings, Sawdust, Shredded Paper, Leaves

61
Q

What does it mean to “sex” a rabbit?

A

To determine if the animal is male or female

62
Q

How many days after breeding would you attempt to “test mate” as a way to diagnose pregnancy?

A

14 days

63
Q

Aside from being laborious, time consuming, and not providing accurate information, why would test mating cause problems?

A

If the doe is already pregnant in only one horn of the uterus

64
Q

What is another name for placenta?

A

Afterbirth

65
Q

How often do most does nurse their kits?

A

Once every 24 hours

66
Q

At what age do kits usually climb out of the nest box?

A

Around 3 weeks old

67
Q

When should you remove the nest box from the cage?

A

When kits start coming out of the nest box; usually around 3 weeks old

68
Q

When can you start to begin weaning kits?

A

6 weeks of age

69
Q

What age is recommended to wean large breed kits?

A

8 weeks of age

70
Q

How old are kits when they open their eyes?

A

Around 10 days old

71
Q

If your doe has been nursing a large litter, how should you wean them?

A

By weaning 2 or 3 per day over a few days

72
Q

When breeding English Spots, what is the normal overall litter ratio for markings?

A

50% marked, 25% charlies, 25% selfs

73
Q

What can be used on the lower 4 inches of the wire to save kits from falling through the side wire?

A

Babysaver wire

74
Q

What size nestbox is suitable for New Zealand?

A

16 inches by 8 inches by 8 inches

75
Q

Why is a nest box an excellent place for bacterial growth?

A

Dark and warm environment

76
Q

It is often said the litter is made in the nestbox, why is the breeder an important part of the litter?

A

Does are lousy mothers

77
Q

What breeding is said to be the fastest way to fix quality or type in the resulting young?

A

Breeding brother and sister

78
Q

Our knowledge of rabbit genetics quickly advanced due to theories identified by whom?

A

Mendel

79
Q

Why does the doe pull fur from the belly?

A

Make a warm nest and expose nipples

80
Q

What is an unreliable way to determine pregnancy of a doe?

A

Observing the doe’s abdomen

81
Q

What is the purpose of a nestbox?

A

Keeps nest material together, keeps kits from straying, helps keep kits warm

82
Q

What does a doe do if a kit strays from the nestbox?

A

Nothing

83
Q

Name two ways to warm a kit that has gotten cold from being outside the nest box?

A

Under warm running water, hold it totally enclosed in your hand against your body, put it in a pocket, warm dry towels, hair dryer

84
Q

Name the four types of breeding

A

Inbreeding, Linebreeding, Crossbreeding, Outcrossing

85
Q

How long should you give a kit that was born on the wire, and appears to be dead, before deciding it has truly expired?

A

5 minutes

86
Q

How early can you palpate a doe to check for pregnancy?

A

10 days after service

87
Q

What is the optimum litter size?

A

6

88
Q

What is one of the most important aspects of good breeding?

A

Keeping your rabbits in good breeding condition

89
Q

When are two times cannibalism happens?

A

During and after kindling

90
Q

A mutation causing a greater translucency of the outer hair shell allowing the pigment granules to show through more clearly and reflect more light producing sheen?

A

Satin

91
Q

At what age do rabbits reach sexual maturity?

A

Between 4 to 6 months

92
Q

Why does it become more difficult to diagnose pregnancy after the 14th day?

A

Increased size and decreased turgidity (firmness) of the embryonic membranes

93
Q

A does worth is established by her ability to do what?

A

Produce young

94
Q

At weanling culling one should not be overly critical of young rabbits that do not show as much of what?

A

Density

95
Q

Fetal Giantism may occur in any breed but is more common in what?

A

Does with a very small (1-2) litter size and go over the normal gestation time. Usually does are excessively fat.

96
Q

What is the prevention for Fetal Giantism?

A

Do not allow does to become excessively fat. Repeat breeding 1-2 hours after first initial breeding. Select does that have good-sized litters.

97
Q

What are the clinical signs of Fetal Giantism?

A

Difficult birth of an extremely large feti, often 3-4 days past normal kindling time. Doe may sit and strain in the nest box for long periods. May have bloody discharge.

98
Q

When can you notice abdominal development on a bred doe?

A

3 weeks

99
Q

It is often said that the litter is made where?

A

Nestbox

100
Q

What is the maximum number of litters a doe may produce in a year in a commercial operation?

A

8

101
Q

What is the maximum number of litters the average breeding doe will produce in a year?

A

5

102
Q

How many nipples does a doe have?

A

8

103
Q

Which variety and breed is genetically the same as a Sandy Flemish Giant, Copper Satin and Mini Satin, Belgian Hare, Castor Rex and Mini Rex, Brown Silver, Gary Dutch or English Spot?

A

Chestnut Agouti English Angora

104
Q

Kits that pop, squeak, jump at slightest touch, have sunken loins, loose skin or tucked belly indicates what?

A

They are hungry

105
Q

What might you consider if you have a large litter until you can secure a foster mom to assist?

A

Nurse half of the litter in the morning and nurse half in the evening

106
Q

How many hours can you allow to pass before you need to intervene with nursing kits?

A

24 hours

107
Q

If you have a new doe who seems unsure about what she is doing why could you switch her litter with one that is a few days older?

A

Older kits are stronger, nurse more aggressively, and know the routine

108
Q

It is common practice to breed the doe when her litter is how old?

A

6 weeks old

109
Q

How many kits should you leave in nestbox after kindling?

A

8

110
Q

What is the prevention to help keep does from eating kits?

A

Provide safe, secure, quiet kindling conditions

111
Q

When referring to color genetics the letter “A” allele determines what?

A

The number of colors on the hair-shaft

112
Q

When referring to color genetics the letter “B” allele determines what?

A

The basic color

113
Q

When referring to color genetics the letter “C” allele determines what?

A

The presence or absence of yellow pigment

114
Q

When referring to color genetics the letter “D” allele dictates what?

A

The density

Rabbit Bowl (10 decks)

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