Genetics Quiz Flashcards
If a pea plant has a recessive allele for green peas it will produce…
both green peas and yellow peas if irt has a dominant allele for yellow peas
If a pea plants alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?
Both parents were short
How many different allele combonations would be found in the gametes produced by a pea plant whos genotype was RrYY
2
A male and female bison that are both heterozygous for normal skin pigmentation (Aa) produce an albino offspring (aa) Which of Mendels principles apply?
Dominance and Segregation
When one allele is not completely dominant over the another, this is an example of
Incomplete Dominance
A cross of a black chicken (BB) with a white chicken (WW) produces all speckled off spring (BBWW) This type of inheritance is called….
Codominance
Variation in human skin color is an example of…?
Polygenic Traits
Which of the following shows that the environment can affect genetic traits?
a. Oak trees getting taller as they grow
b. Hydrangea flowers color varies with soil pH
c. Dandilion plants are self pollination
d. Pinion trees bear cones every other year
B
Gametes have…?
One allele for each gene
Which of the following assort independently?
Linked genes
The farther apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the
less likely they are to be inherited together
what is formed at the end of meiosis?
four genetically different cells
What is the phenotype ratio for dihibrids?
9: 3:3:1
9: Dominant, Dominant
3: Dominant, Recessive
3: Recessive, Dominant
1: Recessive, Recessive
Due to the process of segregation, alleles separate during the production of what?
Gametes
The reddish brown pigment that gives color to a fruit flies eye is controlled by three genes, so a fruit fly’s eye color is a what?
Polygenic Trait
What is the difference between segregation and independent assortment?
Every diploid cell has two alleles for every gene. Segregation means that when these alleles go through meiosis to create gametes, they will segregate from one another, and each of the haploid gametes will end up with only one allele.
Independent assortment comes into play when you are looking at how the alleles of two genes separate. As long as each gene lies on a different chromosome, then the alleles of these genes will assort themselves independently of one another when the haploid gametes are formed in meiosis. Each haploid gamete can end up with a different combination of alleles of these two genes.
A mule is the result of a cross between a donkey and a horse, a mule is a…
hybrid
A tall plant (T) is crossed with a short plant (tt) If the tall pea plant is allowed to self pollinate…
The offspring can be short or tall
The principle of probability can be used to…
predict the traits of the offspring of genetic crosses
A heterozygous tall plant is crossed with a short plant. The probability that an plant will be tall is…?
50%
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be what?
Homozygous
What principle states that during gamete formation genes for different traits seperate without influencing each others inheritance? What is this?
Principle of independant assortment
Variation in human skin color is an example of…?
Polygenic Traits
If an organisms dipliod number is 12, its haploid nuimber is what?
6
Gametes are prodcuced by the process of…
meiosis
Unlike mitosis meiosis results in the formation of…
diploid cells
What is formed at the end of meiosis?
For gentically different diploid cells
Linked genes are…
on the same chromosome
The farther apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the
less likely they are to be seperated by crossing over
True or False:
The probability that a gamete produced by a pea plant heterozygous for stem height (Tt) will contain the recessive allele is 100%
False 50%
True or False:
A trait in an unidentified plant is controlled by one gene that has two alleles. One allele is dominant over the other. According to medels principles, one fourth of the offsprings made from a cross between two heterozygous plants will show the recessive trait
True
Coat color in rabbits is determined by a single gene that has multiple alleles
True
The plants that Gregor Mendel crossed the produce the F1 generation made up the ____________ generation
Parent
The characterists of a organism is determined by two factors _______ and _____________
genes and enviornment
An organisms gametes have ______ the number of chromosomes found in the organisms body
half
The relative location of each gene can be shown on a _______ map
gene
