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Biology 2012-2013 > Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Cellular Respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

Equation for Cellular Respiration

A

C6H12O6+O2–>H2O+CO2+Energy

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2
Q

A calorie is a unit of _____?

A

Energy

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3
Q

A calorie is also refered to as a _____?

A

Kilocalorie

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4
Q

Cells use energy stored in the chemical bonds of food to produce compounds that directly power the cells activites, such as_____?

A

ATP

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5
Q

If cellular respiration took place in one step, most of the ________ would be lost in the form of light and ________?

A

Energy and Heat

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6
Q

Cellular respiration begins with a pathway called _________, which takes place in the _________ of the cell.

A

Glycosis and Cytoplasm

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7
Q

At the end of glycosis about ____ percent of the chemical energy is locked in the bonds of the ______________ molecule

A

90 and Pyruvic Acid

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8
Q

Cellular respiration continues in the _________ of the cell with the ____________ and the electron transport chain

A

Mitochondria and Krebs Cycle

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9
Q

The pathway of cellular respiration that requires oxygen are said to be _________. Pathways that do not require oxygen are said to be ________.

A

Aerobic and Anerobic

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10
Q

Name the three main cycles of cellular respiration

A

Glycosis

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

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11
Q

True or False

The energy flow in photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in the same direction.

A

Opposite direction

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12
Q

True or False

Photosynthesis deposits energy in earths “saving account” for living organisms

A

True

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13
Q

True or False

Cellular respiration removes carbon dioxide from the air

A

Oxygen

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14
Q

True or False

Photosynthesis takes place in nearly all life

A

Cellular Respiration

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15
Q

Function, Location, Reactants and Products of Photosythesis

A

Capture Energy

Chloroplast

H2O+CO2

O2+Glucose

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16
Q

Function, Location, Reactants and Products of Cellular Respiration

A

Produce Energy

Cytoplasm and Mitochondria

Glucose +Oxygen

CO2+H2O+ Energy

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17
Q

How does an understanding of the proccess of cellular respiration support the theory that the cell is the basic functional unit of life?

A

Cellular respiration gives us energy to move and do every day activites, without it we would not be ableb to function.

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18
Q

ATP is turned to _____?

A

ADP

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19
Q

ADP is converted into

A

ATP

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20
Q

NAD+ is converted to _______?

A

NADH

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21
Q

After Glucose comes _______?

A

Pyruvic Axcid

22
Q

Why is it an investment to use two ATP molecules in the beggining of glycosis?

A

Less to produce, speeds up process

23
Q

What are two advantages of glycosis?

A

The speed and processs does not require oxygen

24
Q

True or False?

The pyruvic acid produced by glycosis enters the chloroplast if oxygen is present in a cell

A

Mitochondria

25
Q

True or False

In the matrix, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid before the Krebs cycle begins

A

Acetic

26
Q

True or False

The Compoound that joins with a 4 carbon molecule in the krebs cycle is called acetyl-CoA

A

True

27
Q

Carbon dioxide is the only product of the krebs cycle that is not re-used or used in other stages of cellular respiration

A

True

28
Q

In eukaryotes the electron transport chain in composed of a series of electron carriers located in the _____________ of the mitochondria

A

Inner Membrane

29
Q

In prokaryotes the electron trsansport chain is in the ____________

A

Cell membrane

30
Q

_________ serves as the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain

A

Oxygen

31
Q

The transfer of high energy electrons down the elctron transport chain causes ____________ to be transported across the mitochondrial membrane

A

Hydrogen Ions

32
Q

ATP synthases produce the force needed to add the one ___________________ to each ADP molecule by spinning when the hydrogen ion flows through them.

A

Phosphate Group

33
Q

How many ATP molecules per glucose does the cell gain from each of the three stages of cellular respiration?

A

36 Molecules

34
Q

Besides glucose what other molecules can be used to produce ATP in cellular respiration?

A

Lipids and Proteins

35
Q

Why is cellular respiration considered an efficient process?

A

36 ATP molecules represent 36% of energy in the cell

36
Q

Where does the heat that warms your body come from?

A

The other 64%of energy is released as heat

37
Q

True or False

Glycosis provides the pyruvic acid molecules use for fermentation

A

True

38
Q

True or False

Fermentation allows glycosis to continue by providing the NADPH needed to accept high energy electrons

A

NAD+

39
Q

True or False

Fermentation is an aerobic process

A

Anerobic

40
Q

True or False

Fermentation occurs in the mitochondria of cells

A

Cytoplasm

41
Q

True or False

Achoholic fermentation gives off carbon dioxide and is used in making bread

A

True

42
Q

True or False

Most organisms preform fermentation using a chemical reaction that converts pyruvic acid to lactic acid

A

True

43
Q

Function, Reactants and Products in Fermentation

A

In absence of oxygen fermentation releases energy

Glucose, ATP, Pyruvic Acid, NADH

NAD+, Cthyl alchohol and CO2

44
Q

Function, Reactants and Products of Cellular Resperation

A

Produce Energy

C6H12O6, ATP, Pyruvic Acid and NADH

H2O+CO2+ATP

45
Q

Equation and Industry for Achoholic Fermentation

A

Pyruvic Acid+NADH——>Alcohol+NAD+

To make bread and alcoholic beverages

46
Q

Equation and Industry for Lactic Acid

A

Pyruvic acid+NADH—–>Lactic Acid+NAD+

Chemical reaction that gives us energy without releaseing carbon dioxide

47
Q

What causes humans to become lactic acid fermenters?

A

We do not produce CO2

48
Q

During a race how do your muscles produce and ATP after the store of ATP in muscles is used?

A

Lactic Acid fermentation

49
Q

Why does a sprinter have an oxygen dept to repay after a race is over?

A

They use all their ATP energy in a race

50
Q

A distance runner needs more energy for a longer race. How do they generate this much ATP?

A

Cellular Respiration

51
Q

Why are aerobic forms of exercise so benificial for weight control?

A

Breaks down fats for energy

Biology 2012-2013 (5 decks)

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