Cellular Respiration Flashcards
Equation for Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6+O2–>H2O+CO2+Energy
A calorie is a unit of _____?
Energy
A calorie is also refered to as a _____?
Kilocalorie
Cells use energy stored in the chemical bonds of food to produce compounds that directly power the cells activites, such as_____?
ATP
If cellular respiration took place in one step, most of the ________ would be lost in the form of light and ________?
Energy and Heat
Cellular respiration begins with a pathway called _________, which takes place in the _________ of the cell.
Glycosis and Cytoplasm
At the end of glycosis about ____ percent of the chemical energy is locked in the bonds of the ______________ molecule
90 and Pyruvic Acid
Cellular respiration continues in the _________ of the cell with the ____________ and the electron transport chain
Mitochondria and Krebs Cycle
The pathway of cellular respiration that requires oxygen are said to be _________. Pathways that do not require oxygen are said to be ________.
Aerobic and Anerobic
Name the three main cycles of cellular respiration
Glycosis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
True or False
The energy flow in photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in the same direction.
Opposite direction
True or False
Photosynthesis deposits energy in earths “saving account” for living organisms
True
True or False
Cellular respiration removes carbon dioxide from the air
Oxygen
True or False
Photosynthesis takes place in nearly all life
Cellular Respiration
Function, Location, Reactants and Products of Photosythesis
Capture Energy
Chloroplast
H2O+CO2
O2+Glucose
Function, Location, Reactants and Products of Cellular Respiration
Produce Energy
Cytoplasm and Mitochondria
Glucose +Oxygen
CO2+H2O+ Energy
How does an understanding of the proccess of cellular respiration support the theory that the cell is the basic functional unit of life?
Cellular respiration gives us energy to move and do every day activites, without it we would not be ableb to function.
ATP is turned to _____?
ADP
ADP is converted into
ATP
NAD+ is converted to _______?
NADH
After Glucose comes _______?
Pyruvic Axcid
Why is it an investment to use two ATP molecules in the beggining of glycosis?
Less to produce, speeds up process
What are two advantages of glycosis?
The speed and processs does not require oxygen
True or False?
The pyruvic acid produced by glycosis enters the chloroplast if oxygen is present in a cell
Mitochondria
True or False
In the matrix, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid before the Krebs cycle begins
Acetic
True or False
The Compoound that joins with a 4 carbon molecule in the krebs cycle is called acetyl-CoA
True
Carbon dioxide is the only product of the krebs cycle that is not re-used or used in other stages of cellular respiration
True
In eukaryotes the electron transport chain in composed of a series of electron carriers located in the _____________ of the mitochondria
Inner Membrane
In prokaryotes the electron trsansport chain is in the ____________
Cell membrane
_________ serves as the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain
Oxygen
The transfer of high energy electrons down the elctron transport chain causes ____________ to be transported across the mitochondrial membrane
Hydrogen Ions
ATP synthases produce the force needed to add the one ___________________ to each ADP molecule by spinning when the hydrogen ion flows through them.
Phosphate Group
How many ATP molecules per glucose does the cell gain from each of the three stages of cellular respiration?
36 Molecules
Besides glucose what other molecules can be used to produce ATP in cellular respiration?
Lipids and Proteins
Why is cellular respiration considered an efficient process?
36 ATP molecules represent 36% of energy in the cell
Where does the heat that warms your body come from?
The other 64%of energy is released as heat
True or False
Glycosis provides the pyruvic acid molecules use for fermentation
True
True or False
Fermentation allows glycosis to continue by providing the NADPH needed to accept high energy electrons
NAD+
True or False
Fermentation is an aerobic process
Anerobic
True or False
Fermentation occurs in the mitochondria of cells
Cytoplasm
True or False
Achoholic fermentation gives off carbon dioxide and is used in making bread
True
True or False
Most organisms preform fermentation using a chemical reaction that converts pyruvic acid to lactic acid
True
Function, Reactants and Products in Fermentation
In absence of oxygen fermentation releases energy
Glucose, ATP, Pyruvic Acid, NADH
NAD+, Cthyl alchohol and CO2
Function, Reactants and Products of Cellular Resperation
Produce Energy
C6H12O6, ATP, Pyruvic Acid and NADH
H2O+CO2+ATP
Equation and Industry for Achoholic Fermentation
Pyruvic Acid+NADH——>Alcohol+NAD+
To make bread and alcoholic beverages
Equation and Industry for Lactic Acid
Pyruvic acid+NADH—–>Lactic Acid+NAD+
Chemical reaction that gives us energy without releaseing carbon dioxide
What causes humans to become lactic acid fermenters?
We do not produce CO2
During a race how do your muscles produce and ATP after the store of ATP in muscles is used?
Lactic Acid fermentation
Why does a sprinter have an oxygen dept to repay after a race is over?
They use all their ATP energy in a race
A distance runner needs more energy for a longer race. How do they generate this much ATP?
Cellular Respiration
Why are aerobic forms of exercise so benificial for weight control?
Breaks down fats for energy
