Genetics & Inheritance Flashcards
Definition of dominant allele?
Allele that’s always expressed in the phenotype
Definition of recessive allele?
Allele that is only expressed in the phenotype if the genotype if homozygous
Definition of phenotype?
Characteristics a person has due to their genome due to its environment
Definition of codominant alleles?
Equally expressed within the phenotype
Expected offspring phenotype ratios from heterozygous parents for monohybrid?
3:1
Expected offspring phenotype ratios from heterozygous parents for codominance?
1:2:1
Expected offspring phenotype ratios from heterozygous parents for dihybrid?
9:3:3:1
Expected offspring phenotype ratios from heterozygous parents for epistasis?
9:4:3 or 15:1 or 9:7
Ratio that rounds up to 16
Expected offspring phenotype ratios from heterozygous parents for autosomal linkage?
3:1 (If no crossing over)
Hardy-Weinberg Equations?
P + Q = 1
P² + 2PQ + Q² = 1
Hardy-Weinberg principle predicts that:
If there’s no: (3)
And is: (2)
The allele frequencies from one generation to the next will remain constant
- Migration
- Gene mutations
- Selection for/against a particular gene
- Large population
- Mating within the population should be random
Suggest 2 reasons why observed ratios are often not the same as expected?
Explain why a statistical test should be applied to the data obtained in this investigation?
Give 2 other causes, other than mutation, of genetic variation?
Probability was less than 0.05. What conclusion can you draw from this?
Definition of genotype?
Definition of population?
Definition of allele?
Definition of genome?
