Genetics (Final) Flashcards
Predict the outcome of a mating between a longer-necked giraffe and a shorter-necked giraffe that both live in an environment with tall trees if the blending inheritance hypothesis were correct.
a
Offspring would have shorter necks than either parent.
b
Offspring would have intermediate-sized necks.
c
Offspring would either have either long necks or short necks.
d
Offspring would have longer necks than either parent.
b
Offspring would have intermediate-sized necks.
Achondroplasia is a form of dwarfism. The achondroplasia allele is dominant to the allele for more typical heights. Based on this information you know that:
a
Because the achondroplasia allele is dominant the achondroplasia phenotype must be very common in humans
b
Because the achondroplasia allele is dominant the achondroplasia phenotype must be beneficial in some way to people who have it
c
Because the achondroplasia allele is dominant anyone who has at least one copy of the allele will also have the achondroplasia phenotype
d
Two of the above are correct
e
All of the above are correct
c
Because the achondroplasia allele is dominant anyone who has at least one copy of the allele will also have the achondroplasia phenotype
If George Clooney is Ee and Daniel Radcliffe is ee, how would we classify their genotypes for earlobe attachment? (choose the two that apply)
Multiple answers:
Multiple answers are accepted for this question
a
George Clooney is homozygous recessive
b
George Clooney is heterozygous
c
George Clooney is homozygous dominant
d
Daniel Radcliffe is homozygous recessive
e
Daniel Radcliffe is heterozygous
f
Daniel Radcliffe is homozygous dominant
d
Daniel Radcliffe is homozygous recessive
b
George Clooney is heterozygous
Polydactyly, or the presence of extra digits on a hand or foot, is a dominant allele over the more typical five digits. (Just because an allele is dominant does not make it common!). Construct a Punnett square to determine probability of offspring of each genotype and phenotype -
If both parents are heterozygous (both Pp), what was the percentage of offspring who should have the genotype PP?
Enter a whole number (e.g. 10 if your answer was 10%)
25.0
Polydactyly, or the presence of extra digits on a hand or foot, is a dominant allele over the more typical five digits. (Just because an allele is dominant does not make it common!). Construct a Punnett square to determine probability of offspring of each genotype and phenotype -
If one parent is heterozygous and one homozygous recessive
What was the percentage of offspring who should have the phenotype of the typical number of digits on each hand?
Enter a whole number (e.g. 10 if your answer was 10%)
50
Polydactyly, or the presence of extra digits on a hand or foot, is a dominant allele over the more normal five digits. (Just because an allele is dominant does not make it common!). Construct a Punnett square to determine probability of offspring of each genotype and phenotype -
If both parents are homozygous recessive
What was the percentage of offspring who should be homozygous recessive?
Enter a whole number (e.g. 10 if your answer was 10%)
100
The couple from (a) have their baby and she has polydactyly. If they have a second baby, what it the probably that he/she will have polydactyly?
a
Since they have already had a baby with a polydactyly, there is a greater chance that the second baby will have the typical number of digits.
b
Their chances of having a baby with polydactyly is the same as it was for their first baby.
c
Since they have already had a baby with polydactyly, they are more likely to have a second baby with polydactyly.
b
Their chances of having a baby with polydactyly is the same as it was for their first baby.
Polydactyly, or the presence of extra digits on a hand or foot, is a dominant allele over the more typical five digits. A widow’s peak (downward point in the center of your hairline) is dominant to a straight hairline. Construct a Punnett square to determine probability of offspring of each genotype and phenotype if one parent has the typical five digits and also has a straight hairline and the second parent is heterozygous for both traits.
Based on the above scenario, which of the following is true?
a
This is an example of a monohybrid cross
b
About 1/16 of their children should have a widow’s peak and polydactyly
c
If they have one child with a straight hairline, then the chances that their next child will have widow’s peak is higher
d
All children will have a widow’s peak and polydactyly
e
None of the above are true
e
None of the above are true
A man with wavy hair has children with a woman with curly hair. What are the chances that they will have a curly-haired child? (Curly hair and straight hair have incomplete dominance with wavy hair being the intermediate phenotype)
50
Cows have a similarly codominant hair color trait where red hair and white hair are codominant. A heterozygous individual is said to be roan (have patches of red and white hair). Two cows with roan hair are mated together. What percentage of the offspring will be red?
25
Mary, who has type O blood, is expecting a child with her husband, who has type AB blood. What is the probability that the child will have type AB blood?
0
Which genotype below will confer resistance to malaria but not result in sickle cell anemia?
a
HbAHbA
b
HbAHbS
c
HbSHbS
d
Two of the above
e
All of the above
b
HbAHbS
The main difference in the modes of inheritance we have talked about so far has to do with what phenotype the heterozygote has in comparison to the different homozygote phenotypes. Whereas these modes of inheritance occur in all types of traits, they are easiest to visualize by thinking about color. Scenario: You have just discovered a new species of which you found two different-colored individuals, one with white fur and one with black fur. You want to know how fur color is inherited, so you mate the two individuals together. Match the inheritance pattern with the fur color outcome that you would expect in the heterozygotes, if fur color follows that mode of inheritance.
Black - if black is the dominant allele
Complete dominance
The main difference in the modes of inheritance we have talked about so far has to do with what phenotype the heterozygote has in comparison to the different homozygote phenotypes. Whereas these modes of inheritance occur in all types of traits, they are easiest to visualize by thinking about color. Scenario: You have just discovered a new species of which you found two different-colored individuals, one with white fur and one with black fur. You want to know how fur color is inherited, so you mate the two individuals together. Match the inheritance pattern with the fur color outcome that you would expect in the heterozygotes, if fur color follows that mode of inheritance.
Can’t tell without knowing the genotypes of other genes
Polygenic inheritance
The main difference in the modes of inheritance we have talked about so far has to do with what phenotype the heterozygote has in comparison to the different homozygote phenotypes. Whereas these modes of inheritance occur in all types of traits, they are easiest to visualize by thinking about color. Scenario: You have just discovered a new species of which you found two different-colored individuals, one with white fur and one with black fur. You want to know how fur color is inherited, so you mate the two individuals together. Match the inheritance pattern with the fur color outcome that you would expect in the heterozygotes, if fur color follows that mode of inheritance.
grey
Incomplete dominance
