Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Zoology > Genetics (Chapter 5 minus transcription and translation) > Flashcards

Genetics (Chapter 5 minus transcription and translation) Flashcards

1
Q

Who is considered the father of genetics

A

Gregor Mendel
He was a monk that studied pea plant inheritance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are chromosomes

A

Coiled up DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are genotypes

A

The alleles present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are phenotypes

A

physical appearance/trait expressed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a gene

A

A unique sequence of bases that codes for a unique protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are alleles

A

Slightly different sequence of bases gives different proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does being heterozygous mean

A

The alleles are both dominant and recessive
EX: Pp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does being homozygous mean

A

The alleles present are both the same as each other
EX: PP, or pp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a zygote

A

A zygote is created to sex gametes combine to form a new organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are homologous chromosomes

A

Chromosomes that have the same genes but may have different alleles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are haploid cells

A

Cells with only set of chromosomes (Egg and sperm cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are diploid cells

A

Cells with two sets of chromosomes (Most animal cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Meiosis used for

A

Sexual reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does meiosis produce

A

Meiosis produces 4 haploid daughter cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is prophase 1 different from mitosis prophase

A

Homolog chromosomes cross-over

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is metaphase 1 different from mitosis metaphase

A

Independent assortment happens

17
Q

What is a dominant trait

A

Trait observed if at least one allele is present

18
Q

What is a recessive trait

A

Trait hidden if dominant allele is present

19
Q

What is Mendel’s first law

A

Law of segregation

20
Q

What is Mendel’s second law

A

Law of independent assortment

21
Q

What is Co-dominant

A

both traits are expressed
EX: blood types AA, BB, AB

22
Q

What is incomplete dominance

A

Intermediate between the two alleles present
EX: Red and white flowers breeding to make pink flowers

23
Q

What is polygenic inheritance

A

Many different genes affect a single phenotype

24
Q

What is pleiotropy

A

Genes having more than a single effect on phenotypes

25
Q

What is epistasis

A

Allele at one location can mask the expression of an allele to another location on the same trait
EX: A rat having two brown coated parents being albino, If the rat did not have albinism it would be brown but being albino masks the brown fur trait.

Zoology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions