Chapter 3 Cells as a unit of life

Question 1

What is the smallest unit of life

Answer 1

The cell

Question 2

What are the two types of cells

Answer 2

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Question 3

How are prokaryotes unique

Answer 3

The do not have organelles and are single celled

Question 4

What is the nucleus function

Answer 4

Contains the chromosomes and is the central command center for eukaryotic cells

Question 5

What is the ribosomes functions

Answer 5

protein synthesis

Question 6

What is the Endoplasmic reticulum functions

Answer 6

protein synthesis with the ribosomes on it

Question 7

What is the smooth Endoplasmic reticulum functions

Answer 7

Lipid synthesis, breaks down toxic compounds

Question 8

What is the Golgi body functions

Answer 8

packaging RNA

Question 9

What is the Mitochondria function

Answer 9

Majority of ATP synthesis

Question 10

What are the three components of the cytoskeleton

Answer 10

Microfilaments, microtubule, and intermediate filament

Question 11

What are microfilaments

Answer 11

a thin linear structural protein forming a part of the cytoskeleton in all cells

Question 12

What are microtubules

Answer 12

Influence cell shape and play an important roles during cell division

Question 13

What are intermediate filaments

Answer 13

They are present in all cells and are important in resisting cell stretching. They also help to hold adjacent cells together in association with desomsomes

Question 14

What are the three types of cellular structures used for movement

Answer 14

Cilia, Pseudopodia, Microvilli

Question 15

What are Cilia and flagella

Answer 15

Motile extensions of the cell surface

Question 16

What are pseudopodia

Answer 16

Cytoplasmic streaming extends random lobes

Question 17

What are Microvilli

Answer 17

Small evaginations of the plasma membrane

Question 18

What are the three cell to cell anchors

Answer 18

Tight junctions, Adhesion, and gap junctions

Question 19

What are cell tight junctions

Answer 19

Rivet cells together

Question 20

What are adhesion cell anchors

Answer 20

anchor cytoskeletons together

Question 21

What are gap junctions

Answer 21

Tunnel between cells

Question 22

What macro-molecules make up the cell membrane

Answer 22

lipids, protein, and carbohydrates

Question 23

What are the two types of passive transportation

Answer 23

Osmosis and diffusion

Question 24

What is osmosis

Answer 24

Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of [high water] to an area of [low water]

Question 25

What is Diffusion

Answer 25

movement of molecules from an area of [high solute] concentration to an area of [low solute]

Question 26

What does active transportation require

Answer 26

Membrane protein pumps

Question 27

What is the use of active transportation

Answer 27

Pump molecule up their concentration gradient to stockpile nutrients

Question 28

What are the three types of solutes

Answer 28

Isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic

Question 29

What is endocytosis

Answer 29

The ingestion of material by cells, is a collective term that describes three similar processes

Question 30

What is exocytosis

Answer 30

Transport of a substance from inside a cell to the outside

Question 31

What are chromosomes

Answer 31

Chromatin condensed form

Question 32

What is the purpose of mitosis

Answer 32

Growth and asexual reproduction

Question 33

What is the purpose of meiosis

Answer 33

sexual reproduction

Question 34

What are the phases of mitosis

Answer 34

PMAT
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Question 35

What is cytokinesis

Answer 35

After a cell completes mitosis it is pinched to split

Question 36

What are the phases in the cell cycle

Answer 36

G1, S(synthesis), G2, mitosis, cytokinesis

Question 37

What does G1 contain

Answer 37

RNA and functional protein synthesis

Question 38

What does synthesis contain

Answer 38

DNA replication

Question 39

What does G2 contain

Answer 39

Structural protein synthesis