Genetics Cards Flashcards
An allele that is only expressed when there is not a dominant allele
Recessive Allele
Any of the different versions of a gene
Allele
Having two identical alleles for a given gene
Homozygous
The genetic makeup of an organism
Genotype
An allele that, if present is always fully expressed
Dominant
An organism that has two different alleles for the same trait
Heterozygous
A sex cell, such as an egg or sperm
Gamete
Organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves
True Breeding
The physical characteristics of an organism
Phenotype
A step from parents to offspring
Generation
A cell containing only one set of chromosomes (n)
Haploid
A characteristic passed down from parents to offspring
Trait
A diagram showing the possible genetic outcomes
Punnett Square
A cell that has two sets of chromosomes (2n)
Diploid
The situation in which the phenotype of heterozygotes is intermediate between the parental phenotypes
Incomplete Dominance
The situation in which different alleles for a gene both contribute to the phenotype
Co-dominance
The genes for different traits are sorted independently during gamete formation
Law of Segregation
The two alleles in a pair segregate (separate from each other) into different gametes during gamete formation
Law of Independent Formation
Offspring of crosses between parents with different characteristics
Hybrid
Breeding an unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive to determine the unknown’s genotype
Test-cross
The offspring of the parental generation
Filial Generation
