Genetics

Question 1

What is Heredity?

Answer 1

The passing down of traits from parents to offspring

Question 2

What is Genetics?

Answer 2

The study of how traits are inherited

Question 3

What is Budding?

Answer 3

A new duplicate plant or animal forms off the side of the parent

Question 4

What is Asexual Reproduction?

Answer 4

One parent - genetically identical

Question 5

What is Sexual Reproduction?

Answer 5

Two parents with combined genetics

Question 6

What is Natural Selection?

Answer 6

Adaptions over time that increase survival

Question 7

What is Selective Breeding?

Answer 7

It’s a controlled process when you breed two organisms for the desired traits

Question 8

Who’s known as the Father of Genetics?

Answer 8

Gregor Mendall

Question 9

Who is Charles Darwin known as? What theory is he famous for?

Answer 9

• The theory of Natural Selection
• He studied the finches’ beaks

Question 10

What is the difference between Natural Selection and Selective breeding?

Answer 10

Natural selection happens in nature and selective breeding is a controlled process.

Question 11

Describe why the Finches Darwin observed had different beaks on different islands even though they are the same species.

Answer 11

Their food sources changed so their beaks changed to increase survival

Question 12

What’s an example of Natural Selection?

Answer 12

The Finches’ beaks changing over time

Question 13

What’s an example of Selective Breeding?

Answer 13

Dog breeding

Question 14

What’s the relationship between parent and offspring DNA (Asexual Reproduction)

Answer 14

Identical (the exact same DNA)

Question 15

What’s the relationship between parent and offspring DNA (Sexual Reproduction)

Answer 15

A variation

Question 16

An advantage (Asexual Reproduction)

Answer 16

Only needs one parent

Question 17

An advantage (Sexual Reproduction)

Answer 17

Variation of genes (multiple options for traits)

Question 18

A disadvantage (Asexual Reproduction)

Answer 18

Identical genes

Question 19

A disadvantage (Sexual Reproduction)

Answer 19

Takes 2 parents and a long time

Question 20

What are the two types of asexual reproduction (Describe Each)

Answer 20

Budding - Offspring growing of the parent (ex: flower budding)
Fission - Cell Divison (ex: bacteria)

Question 21

How many chromosomes do humans get from each parent cell?

Answer 21

23 - sperm
= 46 chromosomes in humans (each get 23)
23 - egg

Question 22

In total, how many chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 22

46

Question 23

What is Alleles?

Answer 23

The different options a single gene has for a trait

Question 24

What is Genotype?

Answer 24

The allele pairs that an organism has inherited (the two letters)

Question 25

What’s Homozygous?

Answer 25

has two identical letters for a specific trait (2 dominant alleles or 2 recessive alleles) RR or rr

Question 26

What’s Heterozygous?

Answer 26

Has two different letters for a specific trait ( 1 dominant and 1 recessive allele) Rr

Question 27

What’s phenotype?

Answer 27

The way an organism looks or behaves the physical traits

Question 28

Is a Dominant allele a capital letter? True or False

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Is a Reccesive allele a lowercase letter? True or False

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What are the two types of traits in genetics?

Answer 30

Dominant and Reccesive

Question 31

What’s DNA?

Answer 31

a molecule containing hereditary material that codes an organism’s traits and characteristics.