Genetics

Question 1

Endosymbiont Theory

Answer 1

PROKARYOKES swallowed other prokaryotes such as (mitochondria and chloroplast) or some of the organelles in today’s eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes.

Question 2

What is a Prokaryotic cell?

Answer 2

A prokaryotic cell that has no nucleus. (no membrane-bound organelles)

Question 3

What is a Eukaryotic cell?

Answer 3

A eukaryotic cell is a cell that has nucleus. (membrane-bound organelles)

Question 4

What do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?

Answer 4

Both have, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and genetic material.

Question 5

Fossil Record:

Answer 5

can tell us how certain traits evolved in certain organisms.

Question 6

DNA/Protein Patterns shows:

Answer 6

the genetic code for proteins shows that all life once shared a common ancestor.

Question 7

How can you use a fossil record to “prove” evolution to be true?

Answer 7

You can look at the recent changes and see when they evolved.

Question 8

What two things can DNA/protein comparisons tell you about evolution?

Answer 8

DNA and the genetic code reflect the shared ancestry of life. DNA comparisons can show how related species are.

Question 9

What can biogeography tell us about evolution?

Answer 9

The global distribution of organisms and the unique features of island species reflect evolution and geological change.

Question 10

When Darwin studied birds, he noticed that birds on certain islands had traits suited to that island’s environment, but also a ton of traits that were the same as some of the birds on the normal land. What does this indicate?

Answer 10

It indicated where the birds came from.

Question 11

morphology

Answer 11

a branch of biology that deals with the form and structure of animals and plants
the form and structure of an organism or any of its parts

Question 12

How closely they was related (same as DNA sequence)

Answer 12

Organisms that share similar physical features and genetic sequences tend to be more closely related than those that do not. Features that overlap both morphologically and genetically are referred to as (homologous structures) the similarities stem from common evolutionary paths.

Question 13

homologous structures:

Answer 13

If two or more species share a unique physical feature, such as a complex bone structure or a body plan, they may all have inherited this feature from a common ancestor. Physical features shared due to evolutionary history (a common ancestor) are said to be homologous.

Question 14

What can embryology teach us about evolution? Explain.

Answer 14

It shows how different speices were similar or different as embryos

Question 15

Some homologous structures can be seen only in embryos.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

What would you expect to see in our embryology?

Answer 16

similarities and differences

Question 17

What are homologous structures? How do you know

Answer 17

Same bones, different functions

Related.

Question 18

What are analogous structures?

Answer 18

Same function, different functions

No related

(Analogous structure are the opposite if homologues)

Question 19

Explain what homologous structures tell us about evolution.

Answer 19

Structures that are related (shows we have common ancestors)

Question 20

Vestigial structures:

Answer 20

are structures we don’t need anymore.

Question 21

Explain what vestigial structures tell us about evolution.

Answer 21

It’s shows what we used to be but don’t need any more showing evolved)

Question 22

Two homologous structures are a human arm and a cat arm – they are made with the same bones. What does this tell you about evolution?

Answer 22

How related which means they had a common ancestors.

Question 23

The coccyx (tailbone) is a good example of a vestigial structure. What does this tell you about human evolution?

Answer 23

Our common ancestor that we were related to used have tails.

Question 24

what can embryology show us evolution?

Answer 24

Shows the comparison of embryos and shows how similar they are or different.

Question 25

When the theory of evolution was proposed, it was met with a lot of hatred and criticism. Why?

Answer 25

Religious and uneducated people

Question 26

Endosymbiont Theory

Answer 26

The organelles in eukaryotic cell used to be their own cell until they were eaten by other prokaryotic

Question 27

Fossil Record:

Answer 27

can tell us how certain traits evolved in certain organism’s

Question 28

5. What can DNA/protein sequence tell you about evolution? Explain.

Answer 28

It can tell you that the less differences they had and how similar the DNA is.