CFA Study Guide Flashcards
This deck will help me with DNA and genetics
Transcription (include mRNA, complementary base pairs, DNA)
DNA creates a strand of complementary bases pairs to make mRNA.
Translation (include ribosomes, tRNA, amino acids, codons, protein)
Ribosome reads and matches codon, tRNA carries anti codons with amino acids which leads the amino acids to bond to make a protein.
How many amino acids will result from an RNA with 30 codons?
90
Differences between RNA and DNA (3)
Has 1 nuclides base, Made with sugar, U+A
Where does transcription happen?
Inside the nucleus
Where does translation happen?
Cytoplasm
How many amino acids will result from an RNA with 24 bases?
8
20 amino acids =
20 codons
How can you tell if an individual is male or female based on their karyotype?
If a Y occurs male, if a Y doesn’t occur female.
What is another error that can cause disease other than changes in the DNA sequence?
More or less than 46 chromosomes
What is the difference between a gene and allele?
Genes are sections of DNA that code for specific traits. Alleles are different forms of the genes.
What is the difference between a dominant and a recessive allele?
Dominant alleles express their traits and overpower recessive traits. Recessive alleles don’t express and gets overpowered.
How do you know if a person is going to display a dominant or recessive trait?
If they are affected or if they have any capital letters, it’s recessive it has lower case.
What is the difference between a heterozygous and a homozygous mix?
Heterozygous means different Alleles sizes paired together. Homozygous means the same alleles size paired together.
Give an example of homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive genes.
Homozygous dominant example is BB. Homozygous recessive is bb.
Give an example of a heterozygous gene.
Heterozygous example is Bb
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
genotype= genetic material that
phenotypes= physical appearance
Incomplete Dominance:
is when nether traits is dominance (make a new color)
Codominance:
Both traits are dominance (certain dominances won)
