Genetics

Question 1

Mitosis = ?

Answer 1

the divsion of the parent cell into two genticslly indentical daughter cells

Question 1

Why do cells replicate their DNA?

Answer 1

To produce 2 identical daughter cells

Question 2

Why do cells divide?

Answer 2

1. New cells are needed for growth and repair
2. New cells must have the same genetic information as the original so they can do the same job.

Question 3

Where is genetic information found?

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

Meiosis = ?

Answer 4

Cell division which produces 4 non identical haploid sex cells or gametes.

Question 5

What are the adaptations of a sperm cell?

Answer 5

• acrosome
• nucleus
  -long tail
• many mitochondria

Question 6

What are the adaptations of an egg cell?

Answer 6

Jelly layer
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

Question 7

DNA = ?

Answer 7

a chemical which is packaged into long molecules called chromosomes.

Question 8

Gene = ?

Answer 8

Small section of DNA which controls something.

Question 9

Polymer = ?

Answer 9

Long molecule made up of many repeating subunits.

Question 10

What does a sequence of 3 bases code for?

Answer 10

A particular amino acid

Question 11

What is the slight difference in genes caused by ?

Answer 11

Orders of bases

Question 12

Extraction buffer = ?

Answer 12

Breaks open cell by dissolving cell membrane

Question 13

Chilled ethanol = ?

Answer 13

Causes DNA to precipitate out because DNA is insoluble in ethanol

Question 14

What 2 factors causes variation within organisms?

Answer 14

Genetics
Environment

Question 15

2 forms of environmental factors = ?

Answer 15

Non living
Living

Question 16

Nature vs nurture

Answer 16

Nature = genetic
Nurture = environmental

Question 17

Allele = ?

Answer 17

Different forms of a gene

Question 18

Dominant allele = ?

Answer 18

Only present on one of your chromosomes

Question 19

Recessive = ?

Answer 19

Controls the characteristic which needs to be present on both chromosomes.

Question 20

Heterozygous

Answer 20

Carry two different alleles

Question 21

Homozygous

Answer 21

Carry two copies of the same allele

Question 22

Phenotype

Answer 22

Observable characteristics resulting from genotype

Question 23

Genotype

Answer 23

Responsible for a particular characteristic

Question 24

Monohybrid inheritance

Answer 24

Study of how the alleles of just one gene are passed from parents to offspring