Enzymes

Question 1

What do enzymes do?

Answer 1

Break down nutrients into small, soluble molecules that can be absorbed.

Question 2

What is the place where substrate binds to the enzyme called?

Answer 2

Active site

Question 3

What are the 4 steps involved in an enzyme binding?

Answer 3

1.Substrate entering active site of enzyme.
2. Enzyme/substrate complex
3. Enzyme/products complex
4. Products leaving active site of enzyme.

Question 4

What is it called when the enzyme is bound to the substrate?

Answer 4

Enzyme/substrate complex

Question 5

What are the 2 properties of a catalyst?

Answer 5

1. Speeds up chemical reactions
2. Doesn’t get used up

Question 6

What is important about enzymes that enables them to catalyse specific reactions?

Answer 6

The shape of their active site

Question 7

What type of molecule are enzymes?

Answer 7

Proteins

Question 8

What do we call the way enzymes bind to the substrate?

Answer 8

Lock an key theory

Question 9

Why will not all proteins interact with the enzyme?

Answer 9

Only certain enzyme shapes will fit

Question 10

Name 3 factors that can affect enzymes.

Answer 10

1. Temp
2. Concentration
3. pH

Question 11

What is the optimum temperature for enzymes, and how does this relate to body temperature?

Answer 11

37.5 degrees Celsius. It is average body temperature

Question 12

When an enzyme goes from it’s optimum temperature (37.5oC) to 80oC, why will the enzyme no longer bind to its substrate?

Answer 12

Above 37.5 degrees Celsius the protein structure of the enzyme is affected. The long amino acid chains unravel, and as a result the shape of the active site changes.

Question 13

What it is called when the enzyme has lost it shape?

Answer 13

Denatured.