Genetic Information Flashcards
What is DNA short for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What do genes do?
They carry information needed for us to develop
What do different genes control?
Different characteristics (hair colour etc)
Where do Genes occur?
In long strings called chromosomes
Where are Genes located?
Inside the nucleus of every cell
What are Chromosomes made up of?
DNA molecules
What are DNA molecules made up of?
Two Very Long Strands coiled to form a double helix
What do DNA molecules form a complete set of instructions for?
How the organism should be constructed
How each cell should function
What are Genes sections of?
DNA
What do the Genes control and how?
They control the development of different characteristics by issuing instructions to the cell.
What does the cell then do with these instructions?
Produce proteins
What can the proteins formed inside a cell form?
Structural Proteins (for cell growth or repair)
Functional Proteins (to speed up chemical reactions) such as enzymes (amylase)
