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Bio > Genetic Engineering > Flashcards

Genetic Engineering Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

The type of gene therapy that fixes defective proteins in affected cells

A

Somatic

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1
Q

Mutation in which there is no change in the protein because the same amino acid is created

A

Neutral

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2
Q

A tumor that is created by bacteria in plants that carry Ti plasmids

A

Galls

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3
Q

Proteins that act as specialized scissors to cut genes out of DNA strands

A

restriction enzymes

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4
Q

The process of copying DNA with mRNA during protein synthesis

A

Transcription

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5
Q

The location of transcription in a cell

A

Nucleus

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6
Q

The name for a stem cell that can become other types of cells after fertilization

A

Totipotent

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7
Q

The name for an organism that have genes from other organisms transferred into them

A

Transgenic

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8
Q

The device that uses metal coated pellets that are covered in DNA to transfer new genes into organisms

A

Gene gun

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9
Q

The name for proteins that are prokaryotic that prevent RNA polymerase from connecting to a gene

A

Repression

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10
Q

The process of connecting mRNA to tRNA at the ribosome to make a protein

A

Translation

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11
Q

The name for diseases that cause a progressive failing of tissues and organs

A

Degerative

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12
Q

The name for the nucleic acid that carries the amino acids to the ribosome

A

tRNA

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13
Q

The process of a cell turning some jeans on or off to determine its characteristics

A

Gene expression

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14
Q

The nucleic acid that copies DNA during protein synthesis

A

mRNA

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15
Q

The sequence of nucleotides that is the starting point for protein synthesis

A

Activation

16
Q

The location of translation

A

Ribosome

17
Q

The name for the series of nucleotides that tRNA creates that carries amino acids

A

Anticodon

18
Q

The name for the process of replacing damaged or failing tissue with tissue created by stem cells

A

Therapeutic cloning

19
Q

The process of making an exact genetic copy of an organism

A

Cloning

20
Q

The name for embryonic cells that are unspecialized

A

X

21
Q

The name for the entire genetic code of an organism

A

Genome

22
Q

The name for the nucleic acid that connects codons an anti-codons together in the ribosome

A

rRNA

23
Q

The name for protein that encourage the connection of polymerase to DNA and eukaryotes

A

Promoter

24
Q

The name for the protein that connects to DNA and starts the process of transcription

A

Polymerase

25
Q

The set of three nucleotides that mRNA creates to determine what amino acids DNA wants created

A

Codons

26
Q

The gradual change of defective genes into normal genes that are past the other generations

A

Germ line

27
Q

The type of mutation in which there is an insertion or deletion of a nucleotide that causes following codons to change

A

Frame shift

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