Genetic Engineering

Question 1

the practice of mating or breeding selected organisms with desirable traits

Answer 1

classical breeding

Question 2

the artificial manipulation, modification, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic acid molecules to modify an organism or population of organisms

Answer 2

genetic engineering

Question 3

makes use of existing, naturally present gene variants in a species and the natural process of breeding

Answer 3

selective breeding

Question 4

involves a direct change to an organism’s genome in the laboratory

Answer 4

genetic engineering

Question 5

Macapuno
Guapple
Wagyu beef

Answer 5

classical breeding

Question 6

Flavr-savy
Golden rice
Bt corn
Insulin

Answer 6

genetic engineering

Question 7

steps in classical breeding

Answer 7

1. Determining which traits are significant enough to be chosen
2. Select parents that exemplify these traits
3. Choose the best offspring from parents to produce the next generation
4. Repeat the process

Question 8

breeders choose which organism to mate to produce offspring with desired traits

Answer 8

classical breeding

Question 9

they cannot control what genes are passed

Answer 9

classical breeding

Question 10

when they get offspring with the desired traits, the maintain them

Answer 10

classical breeding

Question 11

classical breeding selection

Answer 11

selective breeding
hybridization
inbreeding

Question 12

when animals with desired characteristics are mated to produce offspring with those desired traits

Answer 12

selective breeding

Question 13

passing of important genes to next generation

Answer 13

selective breeding

Question 14

examples of selective breeding

Answer 14

champion race horses
cows w/ tender meat
large juicy oranges on tree

Question 15

dachshund were once bred to hunt badgers and other burrowing animals

Answer 15

selective breeding

Question 16

angus cows are bred to increase muscle mass so we get more meat

Answer 16

selective breeding

Question 17

egg-laying hen produces more eggs than the average hen

Answer 17

selective breeding

Question 18

two individuals with unlike characteristics are crossed to produce the best in both organisms

Answer 18

hybridization

Question 19

who created a disease-resistant potato called the Burbank potato, he crossed a disease-resistant plant with one that had a large food-producing capacity; resulting in a disease-resistant plant that makes a lot of potatoes

and what breeding selection was used?

Answer 19

Luther Burbank; hybridization

Question 20

liger (lion & tiger)

Answer 20

hybridization

Question 21

grapple (grape & apple)

Answer 21

hybridization

Question 22

breeding of organisms that are genetically similar to maintain desired traits; decreases variations

Answer 22

inbreeding

Question 23

difference between individuals of a species

Answer 23

variation

Question 24

differences are in the genes but we see the physical differences

Answer 24

variation

Question 25

some humans have blond hair and some have brown

Answer 25

variation

Question 26

introduction of new traits into an organism

Answer 26

genetic engineering

Question 27

enhancement of a present trait by increasing the expression of the desired gene

Answer 27

genetic engineering

Question 28

enhancement of a present trait by disrupting the inhibition of the desired genes’ expression

Answer 28

genetic engineering

Question 29

examples of genetic engineering

Answer 29

glofish
spider (transgenic) goats

Question 30

by inserting genes from sea anemone and jellyfish, zebrafish have been genetically engineered to express fluorescent proteins

Answer 30

glofish

Question 31

were genetically modified with genetic material from spiders, to create a silk that can be extracted from their milk to make textiles such as bulletproof vests

Answer 31

spider (transgenic) goats

Question 32

process of cutting and recombining DNA fragments

Answer 32

recombinant DNA technology