Genetic & Common Craniofacial Syndromes Flashcards
Which ethnicity do clefts occur more commonly in?
Asians, followed by American Indians
What is the prevalence of clefts in the U.S. each year
1:700 live births
What ethnicity do clefts occur less frequently in?
African Americans
T/F: cleft lip alone is more common
True
T/F: cleft lip and cleft palate are more common together in girls
FALSE: More common in boys
Cleft palate may result from a combination of what 2 things?
Genetic and environmental factors
How does cleft occur due to genes?
It is not just a single gene. When a gene circuit is broken, cleft was found in mice
Does cleft occur due to family patterns?
Yes, familial patterns and gene mapping are involved in oral facial clefts
What are Gene ID’s shown to contribute to?
Syndromic and non Syndromic cleft palate/lip
If the first born child is born with a cleft, does that mean the 2nd born child has a high chance of being born with a cleft also?
No. Only 3-5% Chance for the 2nd child. HOWEVER, if parents have more than 1 child with cleft lip/palate, chances are increased for other children.
If neither parent has a cleft, but baby is born with a cleft, what might the reason be?
Multifactoral which is a combo of genes and environment , or recessive which is usually not distinguishable
What are 2 multifactorial hereditary risks?
Recessive inheritance
Autosomal dominance
If it can be established that there are no other affected relatives, what is the risk to siblings?
2.2%, which is lower than the overall 4% risk.
What is recurrence in children influenced by?
How severe the cleft is
What is the recurrence rate for bilateral cp/l?
5.6%
