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Cleft > A&P Of Orofacial/VP > Flashcards

A&P Of Orofacial/VP Flashcards

0
Q

What are the 3 parts of the septum?

A

Vomer bone
Perpendicular plate of ethmoid
Quadrangular cartilage

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1
Q

Name the parts of the outer nose

A 
Nasal bridge
Nasal tip
Columella
Naris
Ala base
Ala rim
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2
Q

What are the 5 parts of the upper lip?

A 
Philtrum
Philtral ridges
Cupids bow
Vermilion
Tubercle
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3
Q

Name the 8 parts of the hard palate

A

Premaxilla
Palatine process of maxilla
Palatine bone
Incisive foramen

Incisive
Median palatine suture
Transverse palatine suture
Posterior nasal spine

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4
Q

Name the 4 things the uvula is made up of (No fxn)

A

Mucosa
Glandilar tissue
Adipose
Vascular

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5
Q

Name the 3 parts of the pharynx

A

Oropharynx
Nasopharynx
Hypopharynx

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6
Q

If someone has a bifid uvula, that person could have a ….

A

Genetic disorder or cleft

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7
Q

What does the Eustachian tube connect ?

A

The middle ear with the pharynx

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8
Q

What are the 3 main parts of the velum?

A

Oral surface
Nasal surface
Anterior portion

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9
Q

What are the 5 muscles of the VP?

A 
Levator veli palatini
Superior pharyngeal constrictor
Palatopharyngeus
Musculus uvulae
Tensor veli palatini
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10
Q

What does the levator veli palatini do?

A

Velar elevation “sling”

Most involved with velar elevation

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11
Q

What does the superior pharyn. Constrictor do?

A

Constricts pharyn. Walls to narrow vp against.

Closest to the velum

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12
Q

What does the palatopharyngeus do?

A

Narrows the pharynx

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13
Q

What does the Musculus uvulae do?

A

BULGES - for seal on nasal surface

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14
Q

What does the tensor veli palatini do?

A

Opens Eustachian tube

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15
Q

Kids with cleft have issues with tensor veli palatini which causes problems how?

A

The course may be wrong , they may be born without it, it could create HL over time

16
Q

Does the vp have motor or sensory innovation?

A

BOTH!

17
Q

Name the 5 cranial nerves associated with MOTOR innovation of the VP.

A 
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Vagus (X)
Accessory (XI)
Trigeminal (V)
Facial (VII)
18
Q

Name the 2 cranial nerves associated with SENSORY innovation of the VP

A

Vagus (X)

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

19
Q

What are the 7 physiological subsystems for speech ?

A 
Respiration
Phonation
Resonation
Articulation
Prosody
Nervous system
Auditory system
20
Q

Describe the physiology of the VP

A

Velar Mvmt, lateral pharyn.wall Mvmt, posterior pharyn. Wall Mvmt,
Passavants ridge

21
Q

What is Passavants ridge?

A

A shelf like ridge of muscle projecting from posterior pharyngeal wall into pharynx. It looks like a bulge and some people have it and some don’t. It appears in normal and abnormal A&P.

22
Q

Name the 4 VP closure variations of normal speakers.

A

Coronal
Sagittal
Circular
Circular with Passavants ridge

23
Q

What type of activity is involved with VP closure?

A

Speech
Swallow
Gag
Vomit

24
Q

VP must be completely closed BEFORE…

A

Phonation begins

25
Q

How are phonemes affected by VP closure variations?

A

They’re affected by tongue movement of co articulated sounds; greatest force on fricatives and consonants.

26
Q

How does VP closure affect rate and fatigue?

A

It increases speech rate and fatigue which causes decreased closure force

27
Q

T/F: VP muscles can atrophy due to non use because of VP difsxn

A

TRUE!

28
Q

Describe factors that affect VP function

A

Lack of muscle bulk (especially levator)
Abnormal muscle insertion
Malposition of repaired muscles
Scar tissue (gets stiff & doesn’t allow velar muscle to move)
Less faucial pillar pressure (esp. Post.faucial pillar/palatopharyngeus)
Short velum (pharyngeal walls & velum can’t touch to close)
Deep pharynx (lack of closure)

29
Q

Describe the changes in VP function due to growth and age

A

Facial bones continue to grow into early adulthood
Pharynx: newborn 4 cm long, adult 20 cm
Nasoparynx: increases 80% in volume between infancy and adulthood
VP function DOES NOT DETERIORATE AS A FACTOR OF AGE

Cleft (6 decks)

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