Genes, Environment And Development Flashcards
Species heredity
Genetic endowment members of species having common
Darwin’s arguments
Species has genetic variation
Some genes aid survival more than others
Change that help individuals… Adapt to their environment… Will be passed on to future generations… More frequently than jeans that do not
Natural selection
Evolution
Interaction between genes and environment
Evolutionary psychology
Application of evolutionary theory to understand human thinking/behavior
Sperm cell and ovum
Each contribute 23 chromosomes to the zygote 46 total chromosomes
Chromosomes
Thread like bodies and nucleus of each cell, which contains genes
Sex chromosomes
23rd pair of chromosomes
Male: X&Y chromosomes
Female: X&X chromosomes
Father determines child gender
Meiosis
Cell divides to produce reproductive cells with half of the bodies chromosomes
Crossing over the genetic code
Occurs during meiosis
Pairs of chromosomes lineup before they separate, they cross each other, and parts are exchanged
Identical twins
One fertilize ovum divides to form two genetically identical individuals
Fraternal twins
Two ova release at approximately same time, each is fertilized by a different sperm
Mitosis
Cell divides to produce two identical cells, each containing the same 46 chromosomes
Zygote become multiple cell organisms through mitosis
Genotype
Genetic make up a person inherit
Phenotype
Appearance characteristic/trait that a person has
Gene expression
Activation of particular genes
In particular body cells
At particular times
Single gene pair inheritance
Characteristic influence by only one pair of genes; one from mother one from father
Dominant gene
Will be expressed when present: paired with either recessive or dominant gene
Recessive gene
Will be expressed only in the absence of a dominant gene
Incomplete dominance
Dominant gene incompletely dominates recessive partner gene
Results in blend of two traits
Codominance
Two genes influence a trait such that each is expressed