Chapter 7 Memory And Learning Flashcards
Retrograde amnesia
Loss of memory for information and events occurring prior to the incident that caused the amnesia
Information processing approach
Emphasizes the basic mental processes involved in attention, perception, memory, and decision-making
Sensory register
Very briefly holds the abundant information – sites, sounds, smells, and more
Short-term memory
Holds a limited amount of information, perhaps only four chunks, for a short period of time
Long-term memory
A relatively permanent and seemingly unlimited store of information
Encoding information
Get it into the system
Consolidation
The process that stabilize and organized new information to facilitate its long-term storage
Storage
Holding information in a long-term memory store
Retrieval
The process of getting information out when it’s needed
Recognition memory
Retrieval through recognition among options
Recognition memory
Retrieval through recognition among options
Recall memory
Requires active retrieval without the aid of cues
Cued recall memory
In which you would be given a hint or queue to facilitate retrieval
Working memory
Referred to short-term memory being used to achieve a goal
Central executive
Direct attention and controls the flow of information; it is the supervisor of the working memory system
Three types of short term memory storage
A phonological loop, which briefly holds auditory information such as words or music
A visual spatial sketchpad, which holds visual information such as colors and shapes
An episodic, buffer, which links auditory and visual information
Implicit memory, a.k.a. Nondeclarative memory
Occurs unintentionally automatically and without awareness
Explicit memory aka declarative memory
Involves deliberate, effortful recollection of events