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Tactics Camp > Generics ELOs > Flashcards

Generics ELOs Flashcards

1
Q

ID the 5 component plans of an air assault:

Air Assault Operation

A
  1. Ground tactical plan
  2. Landing Plan
  3. Air Movement Plan
  4. Loading Plan
  5. Staging Plan
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2
Q

ID The 3 Types of Insert & Extract Tactics

Air Assault Operation

A
  1. X: < 300m from the obj (within small arms effective range)
  2. Y: >300m; <1000m from the obj (within Heavy weapon range)
  3. Offset: >1000m or outside of audible range
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3
Q

Define Go Criteria

Air Assault Operation

A

Go: The prerequistes that need to be meet, either equipment, personnel, or conditions, prior to the mission commencement based on Friendly Disposition.

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4
Q

Define No-Go:

Air Assault Operation

A

If met, these prerequisites (e.g., equipment, personnel, conditions, or capabilities) will prevent the execution of the mission; based on enemy disposition and weather.

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5
Q

Define Terms Associated w/ Air Assault Operations:
-Ice & Cherry

Air Assault Operation

A

Ice: [A/A] [S/A] Call that the LZ or DZ has enemy below prebriefed risk. Opposite of and canels Cherry.

Cherry: [A/A], [S/A] Call to inbound aircraft the LZ or DZ has enemy above the prebriefed risk tolerance.

pulled from the .5

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6
Q

Define Immediate Reembark

Air Assault Operation

A

The expeditious embarkation of troops in a **permissive threat environment ** IOT move them to another location or in response to an insert abort.

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7
Q

Define Emergency Extract

Air Assault Operation

A

Extraction of a unit that is in contact or contact is imminent with an overwhelming force.

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8
Q

ID Billet Responsible for completing ASSAT

Air Assault Operation

A

AFC

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9
Q

ID Information provided by ASSAT & ASLT

Air Assault Operation

A

ASSAT:
* Assigns Serials to personnel/equipment
* with weights
* includes bump plan

ASLT:
* Assigns Serial to waves to LZ on a time schedule.

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10
Q

Define the 3 Essential Elements of a Communication

Instructional Techiques

A
  1. Know your audience
  2. Develop a focused, clear presentation
  3. Communicate with clarity.
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11
Q

Describe the 2 foundational Aspects of communication

Instructional Techiques

A
  1. Non-Verbal
    -Indirect
    * Pose
    * Eye Contact
  2. Verbal
    -Direct
    * Articulation
    * Emphasis
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12
Q

Acronym associated with developing a focused, clear presentation.

Instructional Techiques

A

SCORRE
* Subject
* Central Theme
* Objective
* Rationale
* Resources
* Evaluate

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13
Q

Explain the process conducted by the staff to develop understanding of the enviroment.

Intel Support to Aviation

A

IPB:
1. Define the operational enviroment.
Output: Area of operation, influence and interest
2. Describe the effects on operations.
Output: Modified Combined obstacle overlay
3. Evaluate the Threat
Output: doctrine templates, caps, Lims, and composition
4. Determine Threat COAs
Output: MDCOA, MLCOA

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14
Q

Describe the Products produced by the intelligence section to support the mission planning and execution:

Intel Support to Aviation

A

Intel Specialist (Sqd S-2) [0231]
* Intel updates
* Planning: Threat slides/threat time distance analysis
* Execution: Reece pack

GeoInt:
* Imagery Specialist[0241]: Airfiled/LZ study, threat pack
* Topographic Analyst [0261]: Urban refrence grids, Grided ref graphics

SIGINT:
* ELINT [2631]: emitter location, OPS clocks, BDAs
* COMINT [2621]: pattern of life

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15
Q

Explain how Priority Intelligence requests (PIRs) are used to facilitate decision making.

Intel Support to Aviation

A

PIRs
* type of CCIR
* Focused on WET (weather, enemy, terrain)
* Tied to critical decisions

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16
Q

Describe the Maritime Domain & the littoral operating area to include importance of the exclusive economic zone.

Joint Maritime OPs

A

7 Areas:
1. Oceans
2. Seas
3. Estuaries
4. Bays
5. Islands
6. Costal Areas
7. Airspace

Ocean and Seas considered Blue Water
Estuaries and Bays considered Brown Water
Islands and Coastal Areas are Green Water.

Littorals:
1. Seaward- Open Ocean to shore
2. Landward- shore to area that can be defended from the sea.

EEZ: starts where territoral water ends @ 12nm and extends to 200nm. Supports national, diplomatic, political, and economic rights to offshore territorial waters, islands and continental Self. Does not extend to man made islands.

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17
Q

Describe the composite warfare Command and Control methodology used to retain command authority

Joint Maritime OPs

A

Command by Negation
1. Actions against an assessed threat are preplanned.
2. subordinate commanders take action without delay
3. Robust reporting requirements vs requesting
4. commanders retain the power to negate any particular action.

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18
Q

Explain the 5 components of the composite warfare commanders tier structure.

Joint Maritime OPs

A
  1. Officer in tactical command
    * Senior officer present.
    * Controls CWC through mission typ order and command by negation
    * callsign “_A”
  2. Composite Warfare commander
    * responsible for overall direction and control of subordinate commands
    * “_B”
  3. Warfare commander
    * Manage targets/tracks within mission area.
    * Act autonomously over specific mission area
    * Established for extened periods.
  4. Functional Group commander
    * like WC but more limited in scope and duration
    * Still act autonomously over specific mission domain
  5. Coordinators
    * execute policy of OTC/CWC
    * Mange assets and resources.
    * No autonomous actions.
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19
Q

What are the Warfare Commanders and their callsigns?

A
  1. Air and Missile Defense Commander
    * CG CO
    * Defense of the force against air and ballistic missile threats
    * Callsign “_W”
  2. Informational Warfare Commander
    * Senior N2 Officer
    * Shapes, assess, and provide maneuver within the informaitonal enviroment
    * Callsing “_Q”
  3. Sea Combat Commander
    * DESRON Commadore
    * Combines Antisub WC “_X” and Surface “_S”
    * Operations conducted to destroy or neutralize enemy naval surface forces
    * Defense of the force against sub threats.
    * Callsign “_Z”
  4. Strike Warfare Commander
    * CVW Commander
    * Naval operations to destroy or neutralize enemy targets ashore
    * “_P”
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20
Q

Describe Maritime specific planning docs used during maritime ops

Joint Maritime OPs

A
  1. Maritime Tactical Message
    * OPGEN (General Orders) - Commanders Intent, distributed by the OTC
    * OPTASK (Operations Orders)- specific guidance.
    * OPSTAT (SitRep)
  2. Daily/Weekly Intentions Message
    * Daily or weekly updates
    * amplifies or modifies previous OPTASK
  3. Preplanned Response
    * Est criteria to initiate autonomous actions.
    * Triggers and Responses
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21
Q

Define Offensive Air Support

Offensive Air Support

A

Air operations conducted against enemy installations, facilitates, or personnel that directly assists in attainment of MAGTF Obj through destruction or isolation.

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22
Q

Define DAS

Offensive Air Support

A

Deep Air Support:

Air Action Against Enemy targets conducted at such distance from friendly forces that detailed integration of each missioin with the fire & manuever of friendly forces is not required.

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23
Q

Define CAS

Offensive Air Support

A

Close Air Support:

Air action by aircraft against hostile targets that are in close proximity to friendly forces that require detailed intergration of each air missions with the fire & movement.

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24
Q

Define 3 methods of SCAR tasking?

Offensive Air Support

A

Investigate: look for targets [PID, compostion, disposition]

Target: direct strikers to prosecute known target locations

Smack: Authority to release ordanance on target at specific coordinates [think BOC]

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25
Q

Define the types of terminal attack control:

Offensive Air Support

A

Type 1:
* required control of individual attacks
* Controller must visually acquire aircraft at weapon release & target

Type 2:
* required control of individual attacks
* Any or all: controller unable to acquire aircraft at release &/or visually acquire target

Type 3:
* clearance for multiple attacks in a single engagement
* subject to specific attack restrictions

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26
Q

Define the types of methods of attacks:

Offensive Air Support

A
  1. Bomb on Target (BOT): Aircraft must tally/capture the target or contact the mark
  2. Bomb on Coordinate (BOC): Aircraft not required to capture the target.
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27
Q

ID principle objectives of the MACCS

Marine Air Command and Control System

A
  1. Enhance Unity of Effort
  2. Integrate Elements of C2
  3. Disseminate Common SA
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28
Q

Describe the maritime domain and what makes it complex?

Question posed for JMO

A
  1. list the 7 Domains:
    * Ocean
    * Seas
    * Estuaries
    * Bays
    * Island
    * Coastal
    * Airspace
  2. Blue: Ocean and Seas
  3. Brown: Estuaries and Bays
  4. Green: Island and Coastal
  • The MLR operates in the green water areas. Operating in conjunction with the navy will operate seaward to the landward environment.
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29
Q

How does China 10 dash line effect the EEZ?

Question posed for JMO

A
  1. EEZ definition
  2. Multiple island have political and economic rights due to the EEZ.
  3. The artificial islands that China has produced while UNCLOS does not recognize as extending the EEZ but China does
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30
Q

What are the two segments that make up the littorals?

Question posed for JMO

A
  1. Seeward and Landward
    Seaward: Dictated by the threat and driven by the navy

Landward: Based on the area that can be defended from the sea

  1. Seeward is key to controlling landward and landward is the last defendable position.
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31
Q

Similarities and Differences between WC and FC?

A
  1. Similarities:
    * Both subordinates
    * Both Autonomous
    * Both Deploy Sensors
  2. Difference: The FC is limited designated duties in scope and duration.
32
Q

Describe the Composite Warfare C2?

Question posed for JMO

A

Command by Negation:
1. Actions against an assessed threat are preplanned.
2. sub commanders take actions without delay
3. Robust Reporting system to keep CTO informed.
4. Support unity of Command

33
Q

What is the standardized method to translate tactical operations for instruction?

What doc amplifies or modifies?

Question posed for JMO

A
  1. OPGEN (Gen Order)
  2. OPTask (OP Ord)
  3. OPSTAT (SITREP)

DIMS/ WIMS

34
Q

Anything else covered by Maritime Tactical Command?

Question posed for JMO

A

Preplanned Responses
1. Triggers and Response

35
Q

Why is the JFACC typically air force? What other services can they come from.

Question posed for JAO

A

Because they preponderance of the asset and capabilities. They also have the ability to C2 them.

The Navy and USMC can also be the JFACC. The army cannot mainly due to thier inability to C2 the assets.

36
Q

Why is it important that the JFACC has control of assigned forces?

Question posed for JAO

A

It is directly tied to the JFACC responsibilities of maintaining common tactical picture as he operates from the AOC and the ability to plan/task, and control joint air ops.

37
Q

Describe responsibilities of the AADC? Can the JFACC be assigned as the AADC?

Question posed for JAO

A
  • AADC responsibilities include develop, integrate and distribute JFC approved Area Air Defense Plan.
  • Coordinate DCA ops with other tactical ops through joint operating area.
  • Establish FEZ, MEZ, JEZ.

Yes

38
Q

Describe responsibilities of the ACA? Can the JFACC be assigned as the ACA?

Question posed for JAO

A
  • Coordinate, integrate, and regulate joint airspace use.
  • Develops the Airspace Control Plan and promulgates it throughout AO after approval by JFC.

Yes

39
Q

ID sorties made available from the MAGTF commander to the JFC and why?

Question posed for JAO

A
  1. Air Defense
  2. Long Range interdiction
  3. Long Range recon
  4. Excess

The ACE supports the GCE SOM with direct support sorties.

40
Q

What are the 3 functions of IADS? and How are they integrated?

Question posed for IADS

A

3:
1. Air Surveillance
2. Battle Management
3. Weapons Control

AS —–Find, Fix, track, —-> BM—–Traget, Engage, Assign—-> WC

41
Q

What is the difference between strategic and tactical IADS?

Question posed for IADS

A

Strategic IADS defend:
* Country boundries
* Large populations
* Nuclear sites
* Commercial
* Fixed Military Assets

Tactical IADS defend:
* Gnd forces
* Airfields
* Command Centers
* Strategic AD systems

5: Tactical IADS can be used to defend the strategic SAM

42
Q

What is the difference between barrier, area, and point.

Question posed for IADS

A
  1. Barrier- Defend national boarders and cut off expected routes of approval.
  2. Area- Defend large geographic area.
  3. point defense- defends a specific high priority target.
43
Q

What is the difference in AD and IADS?

Question posed for IADS

A

IADS: Group of AD systems that are coordinated to defend airspace and priority assets.

44
Q

Describe responsibilities of the JFACC (Joint Force Air Component Command) and how the JFACC is selected by the JFC?

JAO

A
  • appointed by JFC
  • appointed primarily because has preponderance of air assets and capabilities in theater.

Responsibilities:
* ability to plan/task/control joint air ops
* write Joint Air Ops Plan

  • May be designated and ACA or AADC to ensure unity of effort.
45
Q

Describe the responsibilities of the Area Air Defense Commander (AADC).

JAO

A
  • Develop, integrate, and distrubute JFC approved AADP
  • coordinate DCA ops with other ops throught joint ops area
  • Deligate to regional/sector air defense commanders to enhave decentralized execution of DCA
  • Establish: FEZ, MEZ, JEZ
46
Q

Describe the responsibilities of Airspace Control Authority (ACA)?

JAO

A

-Apointed by JFC & usually JFACC also
coordinates regulates and integrates joint airspace use
develops ACP and promulgates it through area of ops after approved by JFC.

47
Q

Demonstrate the ability to classify 4 main types of error.

Debrief

A
  1. Planning
    * Plan Flawed
    * Timeline
    * Invalid Assumptions
  2. Perception
    * Insufficient SA
  3. Decision
    * Decisions made in the aircraft were wrong
    * not IAW plan
  4. Execution
    * Stick and rudder skill
48
Q

Demonstrate the ability to provide relevent, accurate, and specific instruction techniques.

Debrief

A
  1. Instructional Fixes
    * Are specific and factual with data
    * Informed by type of error
49
Q

Demonstrate ability to ID Debrief Focus point, Critical Factor, Root Cause, Lessons Learned

Debrief

A
  1. DFP- possed as a question, specific to why mission failed
  2. CF- facts that contributed to not meeting mission or commanders intent
  3. RC- The one CF that caused DFP to occur
  4. LL= combines the above into a story explaining DFP
50
Q

ID standard debrief structure

Debrief

A
  1. TACAIR- FAT/T
    * Facts
    * Analysis
    * Teach/tapes
  2. ASD- RAT
    * Reconstruction
    * Analysis
    * Teach
51
Q

Descibe the components of the GPS constellation.

NAVWAR

A
  1. Space Segment (Satellites)
    * 31 Satellites
    * 6 orbital patterns
  2. User Segments
  3. Control Segment (ground station: antenna/ monitior stations)
    * Almanac Data (time)
    * Sat position
    * psuedorandom (how we know which satellite it is)
52
Q

Describe GPS threat characteristics and mitigation techniques

NAVWAR

A
  1. threat
    * Denial jamming: deny reciever the ability to discern/distinguish noise from signal
    * Deception: repeater & spoofers
  2. mitigaiton
    * Constalation
    -Flex Power (30% closer)
    - Tactical optimization
    * Hardware
    -Encryption signal P code
    GPS reciever design
    * planning/tactics.

z

53
Q

ID the location of NAVWAR resources and products avialable for planning? Where else can information?

NAVWAR

A

JNWC SIPR SITE: Joint Navigation Warfare Center

Products:
1. Ribbon Charts:
2. GOAT: GNSS Operational Analysis Tool
3. Threat brief
4. Giant plots.

S-2 or MARFORSPACE or Spaceforce

54
Q

ID, Describem and correlate the functions of an IADS

A
  1. Air Surveillance
    * Detects targets
    * Initiate, correlates targets
  2. Battle Management
  3. Weapons Control

AS —–Find, Fix, track, —-> BM—–Traget, Engage, Assign—-> WC

55
Q

ID & Describe the types of components within an IADS

A
  1. Sensors
    * Active
    * Passive
  2. Weapons
  3. C4I
56
Q

Describe the different types of IADS:

A
  1. Barrier- Defend national boarders & cut off expected avenues of approach
  2. Area- Defend Large Geographic Area
  3. Point Def: Defend a specific high priority target
57
Q

Difference between strategic and tactical IADS?

A

Strategic:
* country boundries
* Large Population
* Nuclear
* Commerical
* Fixed Military Assets

Tactical:
* Ground Forces
* Command Centers
* Airfields
* Strategic AD systems

58
Q

Main types of errors in aviation and why are they important

Q:

A

3: list the 4 types
1. Planning
2. Perception
3. Decision
4. Execution

4: example of each
5: mention Instructional fixes

59
Q

Describe how we debrief?

Q

A

RAT
1. Reconstruction
2. Analysis
3. Teach

60
Q

What are the characteristics of a good Instructional Fix?

Q

A
  1. Should not could
  2. use facts
  3. Specific
  4. Measurable
  5. Accurate
  6. Realistic
61
Q

How does the MACCS integrate and communicate with one another?

Q

A

List the agencies and what each does

How do these relate to joint agencies

62
Q

What are the MACCS agencies and how to they disseminate common situational awareness

Q

A

Connects agencies, resources and leadership.

63
Q

Explain DASC??

Q

A

Facilitates decentralized control

Links the ACE and ground scheme of maneuver

Maintain constant communication with TACP

Integrates surface to surface fires with air assets

64
Q

Describe the primary role of the TAOC

Q

A

Has their own sensors - Uses the TPS-80 G/ATOR

Facilitates AAW sorties

Facility for the SADC

65
Q

Describe the primary role of ATC

Q

A

Expeditionary ATC for Airfields

MMT at FARPS

METOC for Weather

66
Q

Whaat is IPB and what are the 4 steps?

Q

A

IPB: Intelligence Preperation of the Battlespace

1) Define the operational Environment

Outputs: Area of Operations, Influence, and interest.

2) Describe the effects on operations

Output: Modified Combined Obstacle Overlay (MCOO)

3)Evaluate the Threat

Output: Doctrinal templates, caps, lims, composition, disposition.

4) Determine the threat COAs

Outputs: MLCOA / MDCOA z

67
Q

What is a PIR?

q

A

Priority Intelligence Requirement

A CCIR

  • Associated with a decision that will critically affect the overall success of the mission
  • The focus of effort for collection operations and analysis
  • Tell S-2 When, Where and What to collect.

PIR Structure

  • Concise
  • Focused
  • Clear
  • Specific
  • Critical
68
Q

Prior to step one of MCPP discuss some of the products you can expect to have during problem framing?

q

A

Threat recce
WEZ
Acoustic

69
Q

What intel discipline are resident to the USMC and what do they do

List the MOSs, what products do they provide, how does it help you?

q

A
70
Q

What happens to PIRs when a PIR is approved?

q

A
  1. ID decision point
  2. develop collection plan
  3. execute collection plan
71
Q

Describe the components of the GPS constellation

Why is it important to know how many sats are in the constellation?

What’s PNT and which is most important?

q

A
  1. Space, User, Control
  2. 4 satellites give you time gives up time,
  3. PNT: position navigation and time
72
Q

What is the difference between denial jamming and deception jamming? What are the mitigation for them?

q

A
  1. Denial and Deception(more dangerous)

*Constellation
-Flex power
* Hardware
-P code encrypted
* Tactics
-Fly lower

73
Q

What is the single battle concept and how does that apply to OAS?

q: OAS

A
  • Single Battle Concept is comprised of the rear/close/deep.
  • CAS and DAS can be executed in all aspects.
74
Q

What are the roles and responsibilities of SCAR aircrew?

q

A

Roles/tasking:
* Investigate: go look for something. (ROE, PID, CDE have not been met)
* Target: striker must Prosecute known or suspected target locations (CDE has not been meet)
* Smack: Clearance to employ ordnance
Responsiblities:
1. coordination
2. deconfliction
3. BHO

75
Q

What is GARS?

A

GARS: global area refrence system

  • Easy way to communicate where you are.
76
Q

What format can you give to SCAR assets attack guidance

A

DELR:
* Describtion
* Elevation
* location
* Remarks/restriction

Tactics Camp (6 decks)

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