COMMONS 2-24 ASD LOs (stolen from Meat) Flashcards
Identify Fires Organizations within the MAGTF
T&F&E
-Fires and Effects Coordination Center (Reg / DIV level; focus on deep fight)
-Fire Support Coordination Center (Bn Level; close fight)
Identify the Land Component Targeting Process
T&F&E
D3A
1. Decide- ESFTs; select asset to employ
2. Detect- collection of intel and target info
3. Deliver- physical employment of weapons
4. Assess- BDA, munitions effects assessment, re-attack recommendations
Differentiate between High Value Target and High Payoff Target
T&F&E
HVT- target that the enemy commander requires for the successful completion of the mission
HPT- target whose loss to the enemy will significantly contribute to the successful completion of the friendly COA
Identify Elements of Essential Fire Support Tasks
T&F&E
- Task- enemy focused (What)
- Purpose- friendly focused (Why)
- Method- TTLODAC (How)
- Effects- desired end state
Identify the unit that provides Marine aviation its expeditionary capability
Aviation Ground Support
Marine Wing Support Squadron
Describe Forward Aviation Combat Engineering (FACE)
Aviation Ground Support
Complete engineering tasks performed to support air movement of personnel, equipment and supplies
* -Tasks: construction, maintenance and repair of
1. Helicopter Landing Zones
2. Assault Landing Zones- un-prepared, semi-prepared or surfaced
3. Forward Aviation Operation Facilities- friendly, abandoned or captured airfields, EAF, existing roads/lots
Describe Forward Arming and Refueling Point (FARP) Operations
Aviation Ground Support
- -Provide fuel and ordnance necessary for highly mobile/versatile helicopter, tiltrotor and fixed wing operations
- -Elements: mission commander, FARP OIC, ground security
State the order in which an air assault is planned
In order of planning:
* -Ground Tactical Plan
* -Landing Plan
* -Air Movement Plan
* -Loading Plan
* -Staging Plan
Identify the billet in a standard infantry bn who is responsible for approving, modifying or denying fires
TACP
Belongs to the supported commander but is frequently delegated to the Fire Support Coordinator (FSC)
List the TACP Responsibilities
Stack
Brief
Mark
Control
Approval
Stack
TACP
- responsible for routing and safety of flight;
* Primary AO threat mitigation - deconflicts aircraft from other air assets and surface fires
* Tracks/Manages ACMs and FSCMs
Brief
TACP
- manages situation update;
- builds game plan and CAS brief,
- ensures read backs are correct from each attacking aircraft
- tracks BDA
Mark
TACP
- correlation
- authority for non-kinetic marks
- provides and coordinates target talk-ons and target marks
- coordinates approval and restrictions for kinetic marks.
Control
TACP
terminal attack control
*must be maintained by JTAC, FAC or FAC(A
Identify Roles and Responsibilities of the FAC(A) mission set as an extension of the TACP
TACP
Airborne extension of the TACP; provide terminal attack control for CAS
* Used when JTAC not present, workload exceeds what JTAC is able to control or during air assault until JTAC can take over
* Capabilities (BTR TRACS): BDA, target marking and designation, recon, Terminal attack control, radio relay, asset coordination / deconfliction, call for fire, SEAD
What actions/activities precede the decision to evacuate a country using military force?
NEO
- Political relations
- Sudden changes in economic status
- Sudden changes in government
- Internal security
- Natural disaster
Who is responsible for the protection and evacuation of American citizens and their property when abroad?
NEO
The U.S. Ambassador
- Responsible for safeguarding US citizens and their property abroad
- Responsible to evacuate Americans by any and all conventional means available
Define the Types of Noncombatant Evacuation (NEO) Environments
NEO
- Permissive: no resistance to evacuation operations is expected and thus the operation would require little or no assembly of combat forces in country
- Uncertain: the host government forces, whether opposed or receptive to the NEO, do not have total effective control of the HN territory and population
- Hostile: noncombatants may be evacuated under conditions ranging from civil disorder, to terrorist action, to full-scale combat
State the general function of each element of the MEU involved in a NEO
- MEU CO: Forward Command Element
- Bn Landing Team: Security Element
- Combat Logistics Bn: Evacuation Control Center
- ACE: Assault Support
Describe the roles and responsibilities of the Patient Evacuation Team (PET):
CASEVAC
Medical staff normally located w/ DASC; operations function within a medical bn
Roles:
* Recommend evacuation mode and destination MTF for the casualties
* Record required information in respective patient movement log
* Monitor evacuation until the casualties are received at the destination MTF
Five Casualty Classifications
CASEVAC
- Urgent: evacuation within 1 hr to prevent loss of life, limb or eyesight or permanent disability
- Urgent surgical: same 1 hr time frame but patient requires forward resuscitative care
- Priority: evacuation within 4 hours to prevent deterioration to urgent
- Routine: 24 hour timeline; patient’s condition not expected to deteriorate in that time frame
- Convenience: not medical necessity
CASEVAC Mission Precedence
CASEVAC
Urgent
Priority
Routine
Four Roles of Medical Care
CASEVAC
- treat at lowest role for injury; seek to return to duty or stabilize for evacuation to a higher role
1. Role 1: First responder; bn aid station, buddy aid
2. Role 2: Forward Resuscitative Care; surgical companies, shock trauma platoon
3. Role 3: Theater Hospitalization: MTF, USNS
4. Role 4: Definitive Care; rehab facilities, VA or civilian hospitals
What MAGTF agency supports the Joint personnel recovery mission?
TRAP
Personnel Recovery Coordination Cell (PRCC): responsible for coordinating and controlling PR missions
What is the single most important planning consideration w/ respect to TRAP?
TRAP
Time
Primary method used to disseminate and track critical information during PR execution
TRAP
PR-15 LINE
- 3 Options for terminal area execution during TRAP
- . What aircraft are these options based off of?
TRAP
- Snatch: RV remains on deck
- Flyaway: RV inserts RF and departs for holding; returns when ready for extract
- Offset: RV inserts RF at a different location than the objective
- Options are based off of the Recovery Vehicle
Prerequisites to launch TRAP mission
TRAP
- Reasonable certainty that isolated personnel are alive
- Location of the personnel, equipment or aircraft must be known
Describe AMC role in MAGTF operations
AMC
Assigned when deemed necessary by the ACE CO to support the mission commander
1. Responsible for all aviation functions and advising mission commander at all times during execution
2. Liaison between ACE and GCE
3. Experienced USMC aviator; not necessarily most senior
Describe the relationship between the AMC and the MACCS
AMC
- AMC utilizes MACCS agencies to communicate to subordinate units during execution and update the MC if not co-located
- The AMC Does not perform all function of the MACCS in the objective area
AMC planning requirements
AMC
- Execution checklist: triggers/ decision points
- Delegation of authority: agreement between key players
Also talked about Big Blue Arrow and Contingencies
Considerations for C2 Platforms
AMC
LLACE
* -Location
* -Level of threat
* -Assets available
* -Comm pathways (LOS) and redundancy
* -Endurance vs. duration of mission
Responsibilities of Escort Flight Leader
Escort Tactics
planning, coordinating and controlling all fire support assets in support of the escorted flight
6 missions of assault support escort
Escort Tactics
- Protection from FW threat
- Protection from RW threat
- Protection from enemy ground fire
- Route reconnaissance (enemy and wx)
- Clear the LZ by fire
- Support a downed aircraft (TRAP)
3 Escort Techniques
Escort Tactics
- Attached: provides visual weapons coverage and responsive fires; preferred for med to high threat for package or when threat location is unknown
- Detached: provide recon and selected coverage at predetermined sites along route (proactive fires); preferred for FW threat, low threat to the package or known threat location
- Combined: provides max protection in all threat levels; preferred method when assets are available
Identify the key leadership roles/responsibilities in planning an air assault
Objective Area Planning
-Mission Commander
-Assault Force Commander (GCE)
-Air Mission Commander (ACE)
-Assault Flight Lead: reports to AMC for all assault A/C
-Escort Flight Lead: Protect assault A/C and GCE
-Strike Flight Lead
List the considerations of LZ assessment
Objective Area Planning
MUST SUPPORT THE GCE SOM
TOILS
-topography
-obstacles
-ITG
-landing formations
-size of force/LZ
3 forms of deconfliction
Objective Area Planning
-Lateral (space)
-Vertical
-Time
*must have 2 of 3
3 components of a contingency plan
Objective Area Planning
-Trigger/ Condition
-Comm/signal
-Action
5 Contingencies to plan for
Objective Area Planning
CASEVAC
Asset Attrition
TRAP
Immediate Re-embark
Emergency extract
What guidance scheme does an IR MANPADS use?
passive homing: fire and forget
Basic components of IR MANPADS
-Seeker section
-Control section
-Propulsion section
-Ejector motor
MANPADS Generations
1- hot metal tracker, rear aspect, uncooled
2- plume tracker, all aspect, cooled with BCU
3- hardwired IRCCM, smaller IFOV
4- reprogrammable IRCCM, can be multi-spectral
5- image seeker (IIR); scanning and staring array with numerous sensors
MANPADS switches and responses
Switches:
-Rise Time
-Multi-color
-Kinematic
-Spacial
Responses:
- Simple memory
-Seeker push ahead
-Seeker push/pull
-sector attenuation
-Electronic FOV gating
MANPADS Disadvantages
-limited range: ~3-6 km
-Atmospheric conditions: humidity
-Time critical: BCU has limited time
Define Track while scan for RF threat
target position is measured from scan to scan while radar continues to search large area. Not precise enough for engagement
Define missile capture for RF threat
radar must acquire and track the missile as well as the target for command/GAI schemes. Critical to SAM performance b/c it impacts the minimum effective range of the system
RF Missile Guidance Laws and Schemes
Laws: LOS, Lead angle, Pro-Nav
Scheme: Command, semi-active, GAI, SAGG/TVM, Active, Passive
Fire Control for ADA Threats
- Optical: gunner uses speed rings to lead the target; dependent on gunner proficiency; increasing track crossing angle increases chance of survivability
- Electro-optical: uses cameras/ IR receivers
- RADAR: provides cuing, range, search, acquisition and track; can have EO backup
RADAR control for ADA threats
-On-carriage: RADAR system shares the same chassis as ADA asset
-Off-carriage: RADAR is separate from ADA threat; can have single or multiple
Define tactical range for ADA threats
slant range at which a non-maneuvering fighter-type aircraft can expect to receive fire with a high probability of hit
Types of ADA fire
Aimed; Barrage; Curtain
DCA Fighter-Attack Missions
F/W Mission
PAPASH
Passive air defense
Active air defense:
-Point defense
-Area defense
-Self-protection
-HVAA (High Value Airborne Asset)
OCA Fighter Attack Missions
F/W Missions
-Fighter sweep: dedicated mission to destroy enemy aircraft and establish local air superiority; don’t follow specified route’ tests EN’s posture/IADS
-Fighter escort: support specific mission over or near enemy territory; screen- primarily defensive
-Attack ops: destroy enemy aircraft and missiles on the ground before they can launch
-SEAD: neutralize, destroy or temporarily degrade surface based air threats; kinetic or EW
Does using Cypher Text hide your RF signature?
No
General Mitigation Techniques for operating in contested EMS environment
Contested EMS
-Terrain masking
-Vary bands
-EMCON
-Frequency hopping
-Covered comms
-Get closer to receiver
-Kinetic strike
