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RAD 212 - Special Procedures > General Terms > Flashcards

General Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Point of tenderness in acute appendicitis, situated on the line between umbilicus and right anterior superior iliac spine
2/3 way from umbilicus to ASIS
Appendix on right side

A

McBurney’s Point

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2
Q

Cessation of brain function; lack of response to stimuli, can be kept alive by life support devices, each state has different guidelines
Blood flow is totally lost

A

Brain death

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3
Q

Hard, dense bone that forms the surrounding layer of all bones and the shafts of long bones

A

Compact bone

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4
Q

Muscle that brings two bones closer together (causing flexion of the part)

A

Flexor

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5
Q

Fibrous cord of connective tissue continuous with the fibers of a muscle and attaching the muscle to bone or cartilage

A

Tendon

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6
Q

Cephalo

A

Head/upward

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7
Q

Injury in which the skin is not broken, a bruise

A

Contusion

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8
Q

Slow progression or little change

Ex: acute pain doesn’t usually last longer than 6 months vs chronic pain that can last for years

A

Chronic

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9
Q

Band of fibrous tissue connecting bones or cartilages, serving to support and strengthen joints

A

Ligament

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10
Q

Antero

A

Front

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11
Q

Surgically created opening in the body for the discharge of body wastes
Disease or injury such as cancer, trauma, inflammatory bowel disease, and certain birth defects can block the flow and drainage of stool; if the segment of the intestine cannot be repaired, then your surgeon will perform this
Reroutes the stool to a new opening on the abdomen

A

Ostomy

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12
Q

Spread, movement of bacteria or body cells from one part of the body to another
Ex: cancer

A

Metastasis

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13
Q 
Infection acquired in a hospital
#1 way to prevent is hand washing
A

Nosocomial

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14
Q

Drug that relieves pain

A

Analgesics

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15
Q

Infection caused by fungi; ex: athlete’s foot

A

Fungal infection

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16
Q

Dizziness

Common cause is an inner ear infection

A

Vertigo

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17
Q

Having stem like or stalk part

Ex: pedunculated osteochondroma

A

Pedunculated

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18
Q

Creation of a surgical passage through the abdominal wall into the ileum/small intestine
Produces watery output

A

Ileostomy

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19
Q

Inability to prevent discharge of urine or feces

A

Incontinence

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20
Q

Rapid heartbeat, pulse rate over 100 beats per minute

A

Tachycardia

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21
Q

Paralysis of only one side of the body

An injury to the right side of the brain will cause the left side of the body to be paralyzed

A

Hemiplegia

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22
Q

Proximo

A

Near

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23
Q

Caudo

A

Tail/downward

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24
Q

Relief without curing

Ex: supportive care; focuses on providing patients with relief from the symptoms, pain, and stress of a serious illness

A

Palliative

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25
Q

Infection caused by bacteria
The growth of many disease-causing bacteria can be halted by the use of antibiotics
Infections caused by bacteria include strep throat, tuberculosis and urinary tract infections

A

Bacterial infection

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26
Q

Dryness of the mouth caused by abnormal reduction in the amount of salivary secretion

A

Xerostomia

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27
Q

Cramp like pain that comes and goes

Angina pectoris = chest pain

A

Angina

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28
Q

Dead areas of tissue or bone surrounded by heathy parts, cause for debriding
Ex: spider bite

A

Necrosis

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29
Q

Period of least pressure in the arterial vascular system

Normal BP is 120/80; bottom number

A

Diastolic pressure

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30
Q

Expectoration of blood arising from the oral cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi, or lungs; spitting up blood

A

Hemoptysis

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31
Q

Displacement of any part especially the temporary displacement of a bone from its normal position in a join

A

Dislocation

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32
Q

Inflammation of the gallbladder

A

Cholecystitis

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33
Q

Latero

A

Side

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34
Q

Faint or sudden loss of unconsciousness; fainting
Occurs with hypotension
Causes: stress, overheated, dehydration, exhaustion

A

Syncope

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35
Q

Postero

A

Back, behind

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36
Q

Increased amount of fluid within the synovial compartment of a joint

A

Joint effusion

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37
Q

The thin plate of cartilage between the epiphysis and the metaphysis of a growing long bone

A

Epiphyseal (growth) plate

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38
Q

Escape of fluid into a part as the pleural cavity

A

Pleural effusion

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39
Q

Without known cause

Ex: fibromyalgia

A

Idiopathic

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40
Q

Profuse sweating

A

Diaphoresis

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41
Q

Redness of the skin

Causes: strep infection, pregnancy, or certain medications

A

Erythema

42
Q

Double vision

Caused by diabetes, nerve problems, muscle problems, lens problems or other problems like, headaches, blood sugar, etc.

A

Diplopia

43
Q

Condition of unconsciousness, lethargy with suppression of sense or feeling, ex: epilepsy
During a seizure

A

Stupor

44
Q

Drug that opposes the action of a histamine

Example: allergic reaction to contrast

A

Antihistamines

45
Q

Irregularity or loss or rhythm especially of the heart beat

A

Arrhythmia

46
Q

Painful inflammation of the sciatic nerve that sometimes results from a herniated intervertebral disc in the spine

A

Sciatica

47
Q

Air hunger, resulting in labored or difficult breathing, sometimes accompanied by pain

A

Dyspnea

48
Q

Ringing in ears

A

Tinnitus

49
Q

Tortuous dilation of a vein

A

Varices

50
Q

Reduction in the number of RBC (red blood cells)

Causes are: body doesn’t make enough RBC or destroys them or you are bleeding somewhere

A

Anemia

51
Q

Minute reddish or purplish spot containing blood that appears in the skin or mucous membrane as a result of localized hemorrhage

A

Petechia

52
Q

Harsh sound during respiration, high pitched and resembling the blowing of wind due to obstruction of air passages
Ex: smoke inhalation

A

Stridor

53
Q

Surgical removal of all or part of an organ or area of diseased tissue; ex: colon resection

A

Resection

54
Q

Substance or agent that causes cancer

A

Carcinogen

55
Q

Divided head to foot

A

Axial

56
Q

Narrowing of a passage caused by pathology

A

Stenosis

57
Q

Accumulation of fluid in the space between the lining of the abdomen and abdominal organs (the peritoneal cavity)
May be caused by cirrhosis (chronic liver disease), cancer, heart failure, kidney failure, TB, and pancreatic disease

A

Ascites

58
Q

Lack of color, paleness

A

Pallor

59
Q

Collection of pus caused by infection or trauma
Ex: liver abscess
Needs immediate attention

A

Abcess

60
Q

Inflammation of a joint or state characterized by inflammation of joints

A

Arthritis

61
Q

Decrease in size
Cause: non use
For example a quadriplegic

A

Atrophy

62
Q

Abnormal development of tissue

Cause is unclear, family history?

A

Dysplasia

63
Q

The opening of some portion of the colon/large intestine through the abdominal wall to its outside surface
Produces stool with more form

A

Colostomy

64
Q

Not penetrated by visible light rays or by other forms of radiant energy such as x-rays
Ex: coins

A

Opaque

65
Q

Inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body

A

Ischemia

66
Q

Disto

A

Away

67
Q

Dorso

A

Back

68
Q

Sudden, rapid onset or more harmful to body

Acute pain doesn’t usually last longer than 6 months vs chronic pain that can last for years

A

Acute

69
Q

Supero

A

Above

70
Q

The act or process of making a hole, such as that caused by ulceration

A

Perforation

71
Q

Divided anterior and posterior

A

Coronal

72
Q

Severe itching, may be a symptom of a disease process such as allergic response, or may be due to emotional factors
Ex: people who have dry skin or eczema

A

Pruritus

73
Q

General term for chronic diseases such as bronchitis and emphysema that cause the airways in the lung to become narrowed, limiting airflow to and from the lungs and causing SOB

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

74
Q

Slow heartbeat, pulse rate under 60 beats per minute

A

Bradycardia

75
Q

A disease of the root of a nerve, such as from a pinched nerve or a tumor

A

Radioculopathy

76
Q

Edema and inflammation of the optic nerve at its point of entrance into the eyeball
Common causes: trauma or tumor

A

Papilledema

77
Q

Muscle that extends a part

A

Extensor

78
Q

Narrowing or constriction of the lumen of a tube, duct, or organ caused by muscle constriction

A

Stricture

79
Q

Maximum blood pressure, occurs during contraction of the ventricles
Normal BP is 120/80; top number

A

Systolic pressure

80
Q

Denoting any medication route other than the alimentary (digestive tract) canal such as IV, subcutaneous, IM, or mucosal

A

Parenteral

81
Q

Infero

A

Below

82
Q

Not cancerous, non-malignant

A

Benign

83
Q

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

Artery

84
Q

High blood pressure

A

Hypertension

85
Q

Paralysis of all four extremities and usually the trunk
The higher the injury the less function available
Injury above the 3rd cervical vertebra requires a mechanical respiratory device to maintain life

A

Quadraplegia/tetraplegia

86
Q

Medio

A

Middle

87
Q

Bone in which form a latticework, with interstices filled with embryonic connective tissue or bone marrow

A

Spongy bone

88
Q

Adverse mental or physical condition induced in a patient by effects of treatment by a physician/surgeon
Ex: nicking the patient with a surgical instrument during surgery

A

Iatrogenic

89
Q

Low blood pressure; syncope can occur

A

Hypotension

90
Q

Paralysis of lower portion of body and both legs

A

Paraplegia

91
Q

Infection caused by a virus
At present, these infections cannot be treated with antibiotics
Diseases caused by these infections include herpes, chicken pox, hepatitis, influenza, and the common cold

A

Viral infections

92
Q

An injury resulting from impact with an object

A

Concussion

93
Q

Actual end of the small or large bowel that can be seen protruding through the abdominal wall
Size and location of this depends on your specific operation and the shape of your abdomen

A

Stoma

94
Q

Divided into right and left

A

Sagittal

95
Q

Downward bulge forward displacement; ex: eyeball from inflammation

A

Proptosis

96
Q

Protrusion or projection of an organ or part of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it

A

Hernia

97
Q

Course of law (legal proceedings)

A

Forensics

98
Q

Impairment of speech resulting from a brain disease, lesion, or injury
Causes: stroke, Alzheimer’s Disease, etc.

A

Dysphasia

99
Q

Inability to swallow or difficulty in swallowing

Muscles and nerves that help move food through the throat and esophagus are not working correctly

A

Dysphagia

100
Q

One of the large systems of branching vessels that collect blood which the arteries have distributed to body tissues and returns it to the heart and then the lungs

A

Vein

RAD 212 - Special Procedures (6 decks)

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