General Terms

Question 1

Human Serum

Answer 1

is the fluid and solute component of blood which does not play a role in clotting.
Plasma: The clear, yellowish, fluid part of the blood that carries the blood cells

Question 2

Human AB Serum

Answer 2

Human AB Serum is a staple in the biological research field, providing nutrients, vitamins and necessary growth factors in cellular culture and reliable controls in in vitro diagnostics. Human AB Serum is collected from healthy male donors with an AB blood type. A single gendered pool is used to reduce variation in the final product. The AB blood type means that donors have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells and therefore lack blood group antibodies.

Question 3

Lipids

Answer 3

any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids.

Question 4

Human Plasma

Answer 4

Plasma is the liquid portion of blood. About 55% of our blood is plasma, and the remaining 45% are red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets that are suspended in the plasma. Plasma is about 92% water. Plasma is a form of matter in which many of the electrons wander around freely among the nuclei of the atoms. Plasma has been called the fourth state of matter, the other three being solid, liquid and gas.

Question 5

Off the clot

Answer 5

Off-the-clot serum is collected from blood that is allowed to coagulate naturally after collection. It has not been exposed to any anticoagulant.

Question 6

Albumin

Answer 6

Human serum albumin is the serum albumin found in human blood. It is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma; it constitutes about half of serum protein. It is produced in the liver. It is soluble in water, and it is monomeric.

Albumin transports hormones, fatty acids, and other compounds, buffers pH, and maintains oncotic pressure, among other functions The natural function of serum albumin as a drug carrier is facilitated by its interaction with various cellular receptors. These receptors not only promote the uptake of drugs into cells but are also responsible for the extraordinarily long circulatory half-life of albumin. Albumin is playing an increasing role as a drug carrier in the clinical setting

Albumin is a simple protein present both in animal and plant physiological fluids and tissues. It plays many important roles including maintenance of appropriate osmotic pressure, binding and transport of various substances like hormones, drugs etc. in blood, and neutralisation of free radicals

Question 7

Endotoxins

Answer 7

a toxin that is present inside a bacterial cell and is released when the cell disintegrates. It is sometimes responsible for the characteristic symptoms of a disease

Question 8

Defibrinated Plasma

Answer 8

This is essentially similar to serum as defined above except that the clotting process is done in the laboratory. Defibrination can be achieved by physical (diafiltration) or chemical means.

Question 9

Delipidation

Answer 9

In order to remove lipids from serum, the fumed silica precipitation method is used. Fumed silica is added to serum, non-polar substances such as lipids and steroids will adsorb to the surface of fumed silica. Afterwards the solution is centrifuged and the pellet of silica with adsorbed lipids is removed.

Question 10

Charcoal treatment

Answer 10

of serum is an effective process for removing hormones and steroids using activated charcoal. It has also been used for improving immunoassay systems.