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HE ED 321 > General Terms > Flashcards

General Terms Flashcards

1
Q

What is a mediator?

A
  • X leads to Y because of a change in a mediator
  • Indirect effects (the in-between)
  • What is done in-between (i.e. coping)
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2
Q

What is a moderator?

A
  • An individual’s characteristics influencing the stress response
  • e.g. high vs low style of stress but same stressor is applied to both styles of people
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3
Q

What are the four types of health behaviours?

A
  • Health enhancing (e.g. healthy eating)
  • Health protective (e.g. vaccine)
  • Health harming (e.g. smoking, substance use)
  • Sick role (prescription and proscriptions)
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4
Q

What is an adaptive response?

A
  • Engaging to decrease risk

- Avoiding or stopping ill behaviour or starting positive behaviour

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5
Q

What is a maladaptive response?

A
  • Not direct addressing of threat
  • Taking up ill-health behaviour (e.g. substance use to cope)
  • Failing to address ill-health behaviour
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6
Q

Subjective norms

A

-Expectations of important others

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7
Q

Injunctive norms

A

-Someone wants you to do behaviour

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8
Q

Descriptive norms

A

-Someone like me is doing it

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9
Q

What are intentions?

A
  • Standards one sets for oneself

- Having good intention does not equal behaviour because of the intention behaviour gap

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10
Q

What is the IF of implementation intentions?

A
  • The critical cue

- Identify an obstacle or opportunity

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11
Q

What is the THEN of implementation intentions?

A
  • Goal directed response (cognitive, behavioural, affective)
  • An alternative goal/action
  • Allows you to bypass automatic thinking
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12
Q

Self-regulation

A
  • Key in social cognition
  • People believe they are able to achieve their goals
  • Re-evaluate beliefs, self-monitor, goal-setting
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13
Q

Reciprocal determinism

A

-Interaction of person, environment and behaviour in a dynamic way constantly

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14
Q

Behavioural capability

A
  • Actual ability to perform knowledge and skills
  • Learning from consequence
  • Social learning
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15
Q

What are the sources of self-efficacy? (4)

A
  • Mastery experiences (most powerful)
  • Vicarious experience (see someone else model/do it)
  • Verbal persuasion (encouragement)
  • Perception of physiological response and affect (fight or flight?)
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16
Q

Gain-framed messages

A
  • Promoting preventative behaviours (unless behaviour is perceived risky)
  • If hoping for good outcome
17
Q

Loss-framed

A
  • Promoting detection behaviours

- Grim message to increase urgency

18
Q

Coping strategies

A

-Specific things we do to cope in the moment

19
Q

Coping styles

A

-More generalized way of behaving linked to personality and is stable across time

20
Q

Health belief model

A
  • Not good for behaviour change

- Feel susceptible and scared = enough to change behaviour

21
Q

Protection motivation theory

A
  • Using fear appeals to change behaviour
  • Something rewarding
  • Self-efficacy
22
Q

Theory of planned behaviour

A
  • Looks at PA behaviour
  • Intentions!
  • People learn from consequence
23
Q

Social Cognitive theory

A
  • Autonomy, agency, ability, and confidence to make decisions
  • Self-efficacy
  • Reciprocal determinism & Behavioural capability
24
Q

Information Motivation Behavioural Skills Model

A
  • Planning Tool
  • What skills do I want to work on?
  • How will I enhance motivation?
25
Q

Motivational Phase of self-regulation

A
  • Evaluating benefits and barriers

- Ends with decision to pursue goal or not

26
Q

Volitional phase of self-regulation

A

-Putting in a plan to meet the goal

27
Q

What is an appraisal?

A

-Is the situation threatening?

28
Q

What are intrinsic rewards?

A
  • Does it feel good?

- Do you like to do it?

29
Q

What are extrinsic rewards?

A
  • Social approval?

- Another external reward

30
Q

What is perceived confidence?

A

-behaviour depends on whether you believe you have the ability to do the behaviour

31
Q

What is perceived control?

A

-the degree of personal control one feels they have over the behaviour

32
Q

What are cognitive attitudes?

A
  • Instrumental attitudes

- Do I believe exercise is good for me?

33
Q

What are affective attitudes?

A
  • Emotional

- Does PA make me happy?

34
Q

What are outcome expectations?

A
  • what do I expect to get if I actually do this behaviour?
  • Physical: If I participate in PA, will I reduce my risk of CV disease?
  • Social: If I participate in PA, will my family be proud of me?
  • Self-evaluative: Do I enjoy PA?
35
Q

What are socio-structural factors?

A
  • things that help us or prevent us
  • Facilitators: help us get somewhere
  • Impediments: Gets in the way of doing something

HE ED 321 (9 decks)

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