general skeletal system info

Question 1

Cartilage:
1. matrix, 2. cells, 3. vascularization/innervation

Answer 1

1. proteoglycans, protein fibers (collagen and elastin), some inorganic salts
2. chondrocytes
3. no vasc. or innervation!

Question 2

Bone:
1. matrix, 2. cells, 3. vascularization/innervation

Answer 2

1. inorganic salts CALCIUM PHOSPHATE, protein fibers (mainly collagen
2. osteocytes
3. vascularization and innervation!!!

Question 3

trabecular bone

Answer 3

highly porous, composed of hard branching struts called trabeculae

spaces between trabeculae often contain marrow

Question 4

compact bone

Answer 4

appears solid to the naked eye but contains many canals

Question 5

bone marrow

Answer 5

fat storage, synthesis of white/red blood cells

Question 6

ossification

Answer 6

process of bone formation

calcium deposition within a protein matrix

Question 7

intramembranous bone

Answer 7

direct ossification of mesenchyme, often occuring between two membranes which secrete a protein matrix that is then ossified

Question 8

endochondral

Answer 8

bone with a cartilagenous precurser that is ossified

Question 9

dermal bone

Answer 9

a type of intramembranous bone formed from ossification of mesenchymal cells of the dermis

Question 10

components of the endoskeleton

Answer 10

1. skull 2. post-cranial skeleton

Question 11

components of the skull

Answer 11

dermatocranium, splanchnocranium, chondocranium

Question 12

components of the post-cranial skeleton

Answer 12

1. axial skeleton, 2. appendicular skeleton

Question 13

appendicular skeleton includes

Answer 13

paired fins or limbs and girdles

Question 14

axial skeleton includes

Answer 14

notochord, vertebral column, sternum, ribs

Question 15

3 main functions of the skeletal system

Answer 15

1. protects delicate tissues
2. system of levers which muscles can exert force on to produce movement
3. structural support - supporting the body’s shape /weight in terrestrial taxa