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Physiology II Exam 1 > General Sensory Mechanisms > Flashcards

General Sensory Mechanisms Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanoreceptor for Equilibrium

A

VESTIBULAR Receptors

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2
Q

Encapsulated endings of Skin Tactile sensibilities

A
  • Meissner’s Corpuscles

- Kraus’ Corpuscles

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3
Q

Type C Nerve Fibers

A
  • SMALL Unmyelinated fibers

- Conduct @ LOW Velocity

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4
Q

Exteroreceptive sensations

A

From the SURFACE of the Body

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5
Q

EM Receptors

A
  • Rods and Cones

- For Vision

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6
Q

Discharge Zone of the Neuronal Pool

A

Includes ALL the Output fibers stimulated by incoming fibers

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7
Q

In terms of potential, Axons can elicit _____ while Dendrites can elicit _____.

A
  • AP

- Local Potential

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8
Q

Somatic senses

A

Collect sensory info from ALL over the BODY

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9
Q

What sensations do Type C fibers usually carry?

A
  • Pain
  • Itch
  • Temp
  • Crude Touch
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10
Q

Labeled Line Principle

A

The Specificity of NERVE fibers for transmitting only ONE modality of sensation

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11
Q

Expanded tip endings of Skin Tactile sensibilities

A

Merkel’s Disc

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12
Q

Adaptation Receptor Characteristics

A
  • All sensory receptors adapt either Partially or Completely to any constant stimulus after a period of time
  • Some to a far greater extent than others
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13
Q

Nociceptors

A
  • FREE nerve endings

- Responding to PAIN

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14
Q

Chemoreceptors

A
  • Taste
  • Smell
  • Osm
  • Blood CO2
  • Arterial O2
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15
Q

Temporal Summation

A
  • Increasing strength by increasing FREQUENCY of nerve impulses
  • Deals with TIME
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16
Q

Type A Nerve Fibers

A
  • Further subdivided in alpha, beta, gamma and delta

- LARGE and Medium sized MYELINATED fibers of SPINAL Nerves

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17
Q

Thermoreceptor

A
  • Cold Receptors

- Warm Receptors

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18
Q

Mechanisms of Stimulation for Receptors

A
  • Mechanical Deformation
    (Pressing on a receptor)
  • Chemical Application
  • Temp Change
  • EM Radiation
19
Q

What are the 5 Basic types of Sensory Receptors?

A
  1. Mechanoreceptor
  2. Electromagnetic
  3. Nociceptor
  4. Thermoreceptor
  5. Chemoreceptor

“MEN TC”

20
Q

Modality

A
  • Refers to each of the Principle types of SENSATION

- Used as a term in relationship to the types of sensation

21
Q

Mechanoreceptor for Hearing

A

Sound receptors in the COCHLEA

22
Q

Deep sensations

A
  • Deep pressure
  • Pain
  • Vibrations
23
Q

What is the Amplitude of a receptor potential to the Mechanical Stimulus ?

A

Direct Relationship

24
Q

Mechanoreceptor for Arterial Pressure

A

Baroreceptors

25
Q

Types of somatic senses

A
  • Mechanoreceptive
  • Thermoreceptive
  • Pain
26
Q

Special Senses

A

Refer to

  • Vision
  • Hearing
  • Smell
  • Taste
  • Equillibrium
27
Q

Diverging Neuronal Pathways

A
  • May result in AMPLIFICATION of Initial signal

- May allow transmission of Original signal to SEPARATE Areas

28
Q

Type of SENSES

A
  1. Somatic

2. Special senses

29
Q

Types of Tonic Receptors

A
  • Muscle spindles
  • Macula
  • Vestibule
  • Baroreceptor
  • Chemoreceptors
  • Golgi Tendon organs
30
Q

Facilitated/Inhibition Zones

A
  • Neurons FURTHER from discharge zone that are Facilitated but NOT Excited
  • May be INHIBITORY or EXCITATORY depending on the Input Fiber
31
Q

What type of Nerve fivers make up more than HALF of ALL Sensory fibers in ALL Post-ganglionic autonomic fibers?

A

Type C

32
Q

Encapsulated Endings for DEEP Tissue sensibilities

A

Pacinian Corpuscles

33
Q

What type of Nerve fivers make up more than HALF of ALL Sensory fibers in most peripheral nerves?

A

Type C

34
Q

Converging Pathways

A
  • Multiple INPUT fibers Converge onto a Single OUTPUT Neuron
  • Input fibers may be from a single source OR from Mult Separate sources
35
Q

Phasic Receptors

A
  • Adapt “to Extinction” w/in a SECOND or Less
  • NOT transmit a Continuous signal
  • Stimulated only when stimulus CHANGES
36
Q

Spatial summation

A
  • Increasing signal strength is transmitted by using progressively Greater # of Fibers
  • Endings is Large in CENTER but reduces in Periphery
  • Nerve endings OVERLAP fields
37
Q

Types of Sensations

A
  1. Exteroreceptive sensations
  2. Proprioceptive Sensations
  3. Deep Sensations
38
Q

Tonic Receptors

A
  • SLOW adapting receptors
  • Can transmit Information for many hours or days
  • Transmit impulses as long as stimulus is present
39
Q

T/F; Merkel discs connect to a SINGLE un-myelinated fiber.

A

False

They connect to a Single MYELINATED fiber

40
Q

Reverberatory Circuits

A

AKA Oscillatory Circuits

  • Cause by Pos Feedback w/in Neuronal circuit
  • Once Stimulated, may discharge repetitively for a long time
41
Q

Spray Endings for DEEP Tissue sensibilities

A

Ruffini’s Corpuscle

42
Q

Differential Sensitivity

A
  • Each Receptor is HIGHLY sensitive to one type of stimulus

- Almost non-responsive to others

43
Q

Proprioceptive Sensations

A

Refer to PHYSICAL state of body

  • Position
  • Muscle sensation
  • Pressure
  • Equilibrium

Physiology II Exam 1 (10 decks)

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