Cerebral Cortex Org & Fxn

Question 1

Broca’s Area

Answer 1

• WORD Formation area

- Works closely with Wernicke’s area

Question 2

Short-Term Memory: Def and Examlple

Answer 2

• Lasts only as long as person thinks of it

- Ex: Telephone number

Question 3

Motor areas for controlling Hands are also dominant on which hemisphere?

Answer 3

Left

Question 4

What happens if you cut the Corpus Callosum?

Answer 4

• Block of transfer info from Wernicke’s area to Non-dominant Motor Cortex
• Prevention of the transfer and visual information from Right side to Wernicke’s area
• 2 SEPARATE conscious portions of the Brain

Question 5

Structural changes in Long Term Memory

Answer 5

1. Increase in
   - Vesicle release
   - # of transmitter vesicles released
   - # of presynaptic terminals
2. Changes in DENDRITIC spines

Question 6

Intra-Cortical Associations fxn are associated with which Cerebral Cortex Layer?

Answer 6

I, II, and III

Question 7

Ex of Association Areas

Answer 7

• Broca’s Area
• Wernicke’s Area
• Prefrontal
• Limbic
• Parieto-Occipito-Temporal Area

Question 8

Fibers of the Thalamus are from what layer of the Cerebral Cortex?

Answer 8

VI

Question 9

Secondary Motor Area

Answer 9

Provide PATTERNS of Motor ACTIVITY

Question 10

The Termination of most incoming specific sensory signals are from what layers of the Cerebral Cortex?

Answer 10

IV only

Question 11

Reflexive Memory

Answer 11

Aka Skill memory

• Associated with MOTOR activities

Question 12

Pyramidal Neurons

Answer 12

• LARGE output neurons

- Cell bodies are TRIANGULAR in shape

Question 13

Prosopagnosia

Answer 13

Inability to recognize faces

Question 14

Primary Motor areas

Answer 14

DIRECT connections with specific MUSCLES

Question 15

Primary Sensory Areas

Answer 15

Detect Specific SENSATIONS

• Hot
• Cold

Question 16

Characteristics of Wernicke’s Area

Answer 16

• Associated with Language COMPREHENSION

- Where Somatic, Visual & Auditory assoc areas MEET

Question 17

Immediate Long Term Memory

Answer 17

• Last Minutes to Weeks

- May become Long-term memory if memory traces are activated enough

Question 18

Origins of MOST output signals come from what layers of the Cerebral Cortex?

Answer 18

V and VI

Question 19

Prefrontal Association Area Characteristics

Answer 19

• Receives Pre-analyzed sensory info (Planning)

- Carries out “THOUGHT” Processes

Question 20

Propose of the Corpus Callosum?

Answer 20

Connects one hemisphere to another

Question 21

The types of Cortical Neurons in the Cerebral cortex

Answer 21

1. Granular (Stellate)
2. Fusiform
3. Pyramidal

“GPF”

Question 22

Prefrontal LOBOTOMY Characteristics

Answer 22

• Loss to solve COMPLEX problems
• Inappropriate social responses
• Cannot carry long trains of thought
• Decrease in levels of aggressiveness

Question 23

T/F: When the Thalamic connections are cut, the fxn of many cortical areas. Become almost completely lost.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

How many neurons are in the Cerebral cortex?

Answer 24

100 Billion

Question 25

Fusiform Neurons

Answer 25

- Smaller Output neurons | - Send info OUT from the Cerebral Cortex

Question 26

Broca’s Area is almost always dominant on what side of the brain?

Answer 26

LEFT

Question 27

The Temporal portion of the brain is closely associated with what?

Answer 27

The Limbic system

Question 28

Granular Neurons

Answer 28

Aka Stellate - Short axons - INTERNEURONS - BOTH Excitatory and Inhibitory

Question 29

Secondary Sensory Areas

Answer 29

Analyze MEANINGS of Specific sensory signals

Question 30

Characteristics of the Limbic System

Answer 30

Concerned w/ - Behavior - Emotions - Motivation

Question 31

What area plays the Greatest Single role of any part of the Cerebral Cortex for intelligence?

Answer 31

Wernicke’s Area

Question 32

Declarative Memory

Answer 32

Memory of various DETAILS of an Integrated thought

Question 33

How many layers are in the cerebral cortex?

Answer 33

6

Question 34

The output of the Prefrontal association area passes through what?

Answer 34

The CAUDATE portion of the Basal Ganglia

Question 35

Declarative memory might include memory of what?

Answer 35

- Surroundings - Time relationships - Causes of experiences - Meaning of experiences - Deductions

Question 36

Broca’s Area is dominant in which hemisphere

Answer 36

Left

Question 37

Association Areas

Answer 37

Receive and Analyze signals SIMULTANEOUSLY for Multiple MOTOR & SENSORY Cortices