CNS Structure And Function

Question 1

Function of the Thalamus

Answer 1

• Relay all sensory info EXCEPT Smell
• Provide Crude awareness
• Role in Arousal and Alert
• Initial Autonomic response of the body to Intense Pain

Question 2

Dopamine is secreted by what kind of cells?

Answer 2

Most neurons in the Substantia Nigra

Question 3

Second messengers

Answer 3

• Can have multiple fxns that deal w/ Channels OR Nucleus
• May stimulate GENES
• Alter Metabolism
• SLOW Response

Question 4

What NT is ALWAYS Excitatory?

Answer 4

Glutamate

Question 5

Lateral Geniculate body is used to relay what?

Answer 5

Visual

Question 6

The Medulla Oblongata is located where?

Answer 6

The Hindbrain

Question 7

ACh are secreted by what kind of cells?

Answer 7

• Pyramidal cells
• Alpha Motor Neurons
• Postganglionic Neurons of the para/sympathetic system
• Some Neurons in the Basal Neuclei

(PAPS)

Question 8

Na+ is an _____ Cation channel and Cl- is a _____ Anion channel.

Answer 8

• Excitatory

&

• Inhibitory

Question 9

Glutamate is secreted by what kind of cells?

Answer 9

• Sensory pathways entering the CNS

- Cerebral Cortex

Question 10

How long is the Synaptic delay?

Answer 10

0.5 milliseconds

Question 11

Ventral Geniculate body is used to relay what?

Answer 11

Taste

Question 12

Glycine is secreted by what kind of cells?

Answer 12

Synapses in the Spinal cord

Question 13

What does Synaptic delay depends on?

Answer 13

• Time to release NT from Pre-syn
• Diffusion across the cleft
• Change in permeability
• movement of ions

Question 14

Indirect Activation of ion channels usually involve what?

Answer 14

G-Proteins

• Slower activating

Question 15

Is Dopamine usually excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 15

Usually Inhibitory

Question 16

Is ACh usually excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 16

Excitatory

Question 17

GABA is secreted by what kind of cells?

Answer 17

Many areas in the

• Spinal cord
• Cerebral cortex

Question 18

What is Synaptic Delay?

Answer 18

• The time it takes to transmit a signal from a PRE-synaptic Neuron to a POST-synaptic Neuron

Question 19

Norepinephrine is secreted by what kind of cells?

Answer 19

• Neurons Located in the Brain Stem and Hypothalamus
• PONS
• Postganglionic Neurons of the sympathetic system

Question 20

Electrotonic Conduction

Answer 20

• Direct spread of Electrical current by ion conduction in dendritic fluid
• Does NOT generate an AP

Question 21

Is Norepinephrine usually excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 21

Can be EITHER!

Question 22

Medial Geniculate body is used to relay what?

Answer 22

Auditory

Question 23

T/F: Dendrites generally CAN transmit AP

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Much of a dendrites potential is lost because of what?

Answer 24

Leakage

Question 25

Ligand gated Ion channels characteristics

Answer 25

AKA Ionotropic - Receptors also fxn as Channel - Rapid Signaling - Inactivated when ligand in Unbound

Question 26

Major Slow Acting NT

Answer 26

- Calcitonin - Oxytocin - Bradykinin - Substance P - Neurotensin - Vasopressin - Carnosine COBS N VC

Question 27

Role of the Limbic system

Answer 27

- Emotional behavior | - Olfactory senses

Question 28

Hypothalamus characteristics

Answer 28

- Size of almond - Connects nervous system to Endocrine (Via Pituitary) - Involved in Behavior - Involved in metabolic regulation

Question 29

What NT are ALWAYS Inhibitory?

Answer 29

GABA & Glycine