General Senses

Question 1

Arriving information

Answer 1

Sensation

Question 2

Conscious awareness of sensation

Answer 2

Perception

Question 3

Sensitive to stimuli on the outside of the body or are near the body surface

Answer 3

Exteroceptors

Question 4

Respond to stimuli within the body

Monitor chemical changes, tissue stretch, temp, usually unaware of sensations that they convey

Answer 4

Interceptors (visceroceptors)

Question 5

Respond to internal stimuli (skeletal muscles, tendons, joints, ligaments, monitor how much organs are stretched)

Answer 5

Proprioceptors

Question 6

Receptor that responds to pressure but not to sticking your hand in ice water or in acid

Answer 6

Touch receptors

Question 7

Tips of dendrites that aren’t protected by accessory structures

Answer 7

Free nerve ending

Question 8

Can respond to a variety of stimuli

Answer 8

Little receptor specificity

Question 9

Area monitored by a single receptor

Answer 9

Receptive field

Question 10

The larger the receptive field

Answer 10

The more crude the sensation

Question 11

Always active, sustained response, frequency of action potentials indicated background level of stimulation

Answer 11

Tonic receptors

Question 12

Inactive until change occurs in whatever they are monitoring, fast adapting, give bursts of impulses at the beginning and end of the stimulus
They resound transient my based on change

Answer 12

Phasic receptors

Question 13

receptors dealing with pain, harm, temp extremes, mechanical damage, and dissolved chemicals

Answer 13

nociceptors

Question 14

receptors dealing with temp

Answer 14

thermoceptors

Question 15

receptors dealing with physical distortion

Answer 15

mechanoreceptors

Question 16

receptors dealing with chemical concentration

Answer 16

chemoreceptors

Question 17

proprioceptors are __ only

Answer 17

somatic

Question 18

location of these receptors is in deep tissues and viscera; making patients determine exact location of pain

Answer 18

nocicoceptors

Question 19

myelinated type A fibers-largest axons; injection or deep cut;sensation reaches CNS rapidly

Answer 19

fast pain fibers

Question 20

unmyelinated type C fibers, small axons; burning or aching pain

Answer 20

slow pain fibers

Question 21

when a neuron is brought closer to threshold making it more sensitive to stimuli

Answer 21

facilitation

Question 22

explanation as to why people differ in their perception of pain associated with childbirth, headaches and back pain (chronic pain may “feel” worse than the amount of actual stimuli)

Answer 22

facilitation

Question 23

associated with phantom limb pain

Answer 23

facilitation

Question 24

neurotransmitter transmitting painful stimuli to the CNS

Answer 24

glutamate

Question 25

where are endorphins released from

Answer 25

hypothalamus, limbic system, reticular formation

Question 26

what do endorphins bind to and prevent the release of

Answer 26

bind to presynaptic membranes | prevent release of substance P

Question 27

what is reduced when endorphins prevent the release of substance P

Answer 27

reduce the perception of pain (even though painful stimulus remains)

Question 28

receptors that are located in the dermis, skeletal muscles, liver, and hypothalamus

Answer 28

thermoreceptors

Question 29

cold or hot receptors are more numerous

Answer 29

cold

Question 30

receptors that respond to mechanical distortion of their cell membrane (stretching, twisting, compression)

Answer 30

mechanoreceptors

Question 31

receptors dealing with touch, pressure, vibration

Answer 31

tactile receptors

Question 32

receptors that detect pressure changes in the walls of blood vessels, parts of digestive, reproductive and urinary tracts

Answer 32

baroreceptors

Question 33

receptors that monitor positions of joints and muscles

Answer 33

proprioceptors

Question 34

light touch tactile receptors

Answer 34

merkel cells

Question 35

skin sensation tactile receptors

Answer 35

hair plexus

Question 36

fine touch tactile receptors

Answer 36

tactile corpuscles

Question 37

deep pressure tactile receptors

Answer 37

lamellated corpuscles

Question 38

pressure tactile receptors

Answer 38

ruffini corpuscles

Question 39

free nerve ending that branch within elastic tissues in the wall of an organ or blood vessel that can stretch

Answer 39

baroreceptors

Question 40

receptors that monitor degree of lung expansion

Answer 40

lung baroreceptors

Question 41

place where monitoring of lung expansion is sent

Answer 41

rhythmicity center