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A&P 2 > General Senses > Flashcards

General Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Arriving information

A

Sensation

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2
Q

Conscious awareness of sensation

A

Perception

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3
Q

Sensitive to stimuli on the outside of the body or are near the body surface

A

Exteroceptors

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4
Q

Respond to stimuli within the body

Monitor chemical changes, tissue stretch, temp, usually unaware of sensations that they convey

A

Interceptors (visceroceptors)

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5
Q

Respond to internal stimuli (skeletal muscles, tendons, joints, ligaments, monitor how much organs are stretched)

A

Proprioceptors

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6
Q

Receptor that responds to pressure but not to sticking your hand in ice water or in acid

A

Touch receptors

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7
Q

Tips of dendrites that aren’t protected by accessory structures

A

Free nerve ending

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8
Q

Can respond to a variety of stimuli

A

Little receptor specificity

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9
Q

Area monitored by a single receptor

A

Receptive field

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10
Q

The larger the receptive field

A

The more crude the sensation

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11
Q

Always active, sustained response, frequency of action potentials indicated background level of stimulation

A

Tonic receptors

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12
Q

Inactive until change occurs in whatever they are monitoring, fast adapting, give bursts of impulses at the beginning and end of the stimulus
They resound transient my based on change

A

Phasic receptors

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13
Q

receptors dealing with pain, harm, temp extremes, mechanical damage, and dissolved chemicals

A

nociceptors

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14
Q

receptors dealing with temp

A

thermoceptors

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15
Q

receptors dealing with physical distortion

A

mechanoreceptors

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16
Q

receptors dealing with chemical concentration

A

chemoreceptors

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17
Q

proprioceptors are __ only

A

somatic

18
Q

location of these receptors is in deep tissues and viscera; making patients determine exact location of pain

A

nocicoceptors

19
Q

myelinated type A fibers-largest axons; injection or deep cut;sensation reaches CNS rapidly

A

fast pain fibers

20
Q

unmyelinated type C fibers, small axons; burning or aching pain

A

slow pain fibers

21
Q

when a neuron is brought closer to threshold making it more sensitive to stimuli

A

facilitation

22
Q

explanation as to why people differ in their perception of pain associated with childbirth, headaches and back pain (chronic pain may “feel” worse than the amount of actual stimuli)

A

facilitation

23
Q

associated with phantom limb pain

A

facilitation

24
Q

neurotransmitter transmitting painful stimuli to the CNS

A

glutamate

25
Q

where are endorphins released from

A

hypothalamus, limbic system, reticular formation

26
Q

what do endorphins bind to and prevent the release of

A

bind to presynaptic membranes

prevent release of substance P

27
Q

what is reduced when endorphins prevent the release of substance P

A

reduce the perception of pain (even though painful stimulus remains)

28
Q

receptors that are located in the dermis, skeletal muscles, liver, and hypothalamus

A

thermoreceptors

29
Q

cold or hot receptors are more numerous

A

cold

30
Q

receptors that respond to mechanical distortion of their cell membrane (stretching, twisting, compression)

A

mechanoreceptors

31
Q

receptors dealing with touch, pressure, vibration

A

tactile receptors

32
Q

receptors that detect pressure changes in the walls of blood vessels, parts of digestive, reproductive and urinary tracts

A

baroreceptors

33
Q

receptors that monitor positions of joints and muscles

A

proprioceptors

34
Q

light touch tactile receptors

A

merkel cells

35
Q

skin sensation tactile receptors

A

hair plexus

36
Q

fine touch tactile receptors

A

tactile corpuscles

37
Q

deep pressure tactile receptors

A

lamellated corpuscles

38
Q

pressure tactile receptors

A

ruffini corpuscles

39
Q

free nerve ending that branch within elastic tissues in the wall of an organ or blood vessel that can stretch

A

baroreceptors

40
Q

receptors that monitor degree of lung expansion

A

lung baroreceptors

41
Q

place where monitoring of lung expansion is sent

A

rhythmicity center

A&P 2 (14 decks)

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