General Q's

Question 1

What is Slow release Energy?

Answer 1

• The Energy from Fibre breakdown during long (slow) Fibre digestion

Question 2

What is Metabolizable Energy (ME)?

Answer 2

• It is the usable energy of the feed
• Value is obtained by subtracting the Urinary Energy loss from the Digestable Energy (DE)

Question 3

What is one of the most powerful anti-nutritional factors in plant feedstuff?

Answer 3

• Phytic acid
  -Phosphorus in the main constituent of Phytic acid complex

Question 4

What are the primary VFAs?

Answer 4

• Acetic Acid = 2 carbons
• Propionic Acid = 3 carbons
• Butyric Acid =4 carbons

Question 5

What is Butyric Acid used for?

Answer 5

• Milk fat synthesis in the Mammary gland (of lactating cow)

Question 6

What is Propionic Acid used for?

Answer 6

• Primarily Glucose

Question 7

What is the primary precursor for Lactose?

Answer 7

• Glucose

Question 8

What do Microorganisms do?

Answer 8

• Digest fibrous feed
• Convertin protein and non-protein-nitrogen-containing ingredients into Microbial protein (of use to animal)
• Manufacture some Vitamins (B and K)

Question 9

What forms when bacteria digest and ferment carbohydrates in the Rumen?

Answer 9

• They form VFAs and carbon skeletons

Question 10

What can the ruminal bacteria form from Ammonia and Carbon skeletons?

Answer 10

• Microbial Amino Acids
  -Ammonia from protein degradation
  -Carbon skeletons from Carbohydrate fermentation

Question 11

What chemical component in feeds determine their rate of digestion?

Answer 11

• NDF - Neutral Detergent Fibre

Question 12

Main factors that can affect feed intake in Ruminants?

Answer 12

Animal Factor
* Increased need for nutrients = Foetal development
* Late stage of pregnancy = Less space due to foetus increasing in size

Environmental Factor
* Temerature
-High = decreases feed intake
-Low = increases feed intake