General pelvis

Question 1

where is the pelvis located?

Answer 1

below abdomen

Question 2

pelvis contains support and protects ?

Answer 2

bladder, rectum and reproductive organs

Question 3

bones of pelvis provides attachments to some muscles of ?

Answer 3

trunk and lower limb

Question 4

illium + ishium + pubis =

Answer 4

hip bone

Question 5

hip bone + sacrum =

Answer 5

pelvic girdle

Question 6

what bone is the bone that we sit on

Answer 6

ishium

Question 7

lower back pain can come from which joint?

Answer 7

sacroilliac joint

Question 8

head of femur sits on which structure?

Answer 8

acetabulum

Question 9

whats a promontory

Answer 9

junction between L5 and S1

bulges inward

Question 10

pelvic inlet boundaries

Answer 10

anterior: pubic crest
lateral: pecten pubis, arcuate line and margin ala
posterior: promontory of sacrum

Question 11

pelvic outlet borders

Answer 11

anterior: inferior margin of pubic symphysis
lateral: ischial tuberosity and ischiopubic ramus
post. lateral: inferior margin of sacrotuberous lig
inferior: anterior border of the coccyx

Question 12

why is it called a false pelvis

Answer 12

because its found in the abdominal cavity (colon is found there)

Question 13

inlet diameters

Answer 13

antero posterior -> between sacral promontory and upper border of pubic symphysis (10cm)

transverse -> between opposite sides of pelvic brim (12.5cm)

oblique diameter -> between illiopubic eminence and opposite sacroiliac joint (11.5 cm)

Question 14

outlet diameters

Answer 14

antero-posterior -> distance from the pubis to the sacrococcygeal joint (12.5 cm)

transverse -> ischial tuberosities along the plane passing through anus (10cm)

Question 15

diagonal conjugate

Answer 15

most useful measurment
called the birth canal
from the lower border of the pubis to the sacral promontory
12.5cm

Question 16

what makes the diagonal conjugate important and most useful?

Answer 16

Estimates pelvis size, if it is smaller than normal, the fetus will not pass through and will require a c section

Question 17

compare male and female pelvis: general structure

Answer 17

females: light and thin
males: heavy and thick

Question 18

compare male and female pelvis: false pelvis

Answer 18

females: shallow
males: deep

Question 19

compare male and female pelvis: pelvic inlet

Answer 19

females: larger and more oval
males: smaller and heart shaped

Question 20

compare male and female pelvis: acetabellum

Answer 20

females: small and faces anteriorlly
males: large and faces laterally

Question 21

compare male and female pelvis: obturator foramen

Answer 21

female: oval
male: round

Question 22

compare male and female pelvis: pubic arch

Answer 22

females: greater than 90 degree angle
males: less than 90 degrees angle

Question 23

ilium parts

Answer 23

iliac crest
iliac tubercle
ASIS
anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
PSIS
PIIS
greater sciatic notch

Question 24

Ischium parts

Answer 24

ischial spine (between greater and lesser sciatic notch)
ischial tuberosity
ischial ramus
lesser sciatic notch

Question 25

pubic bone

Answer 25

superior ramus of pubis pubic tubercle body of pubis ischiopubic ramus

Question 26

what passes through sacral canal

Answer 26

nerves

Question 27

parts of sacrum with explanation (if needed):

Answer 27

sacral promontory (btwen l5 to s1) anterior sacral foramina (bigger size than posteior) posterior sacral foramina transverse ridges (where sacral vertebra join) lateral sacral crest median sacral crest sacral hiatus (termination of sacral canal) coccyx (tail bone)

Question 28

what convert lesser sciatic and greater sciatic notches to formaina

Answer 28

sacrospinous ligament and sacrotuberous ligament

Question 29

what runs down the anterior surface of the spine

Answer 29

anterior Longitudinal ligament

Question 30

what links hip bones

Answer 30

pubic symphysis

Question 31

contents of greater sciatic foramen

Answer 31

Sciatic nerve superior gluteal and inferior gluteal nerve posterior femoral cutaneous nerve superior and inferior gluteal artery and vein piriformis muscle

Question 32

contents of lesser sciatic foramen

Answer 32

pudendal nerve pudendal artery and vein obturator internus muscle

Question 33

anterior pelvic wall

Answer 33

posterior surface of the bodies of pubic bones

Question 34

posterior pelvic wall

Answer 34

sacrum and coccyx, piriformis muscle and parietal pelvic fascia

Question 35

lateral pelvic wall

Answer 35

hip bone, obturator membrane, sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligament and obturator internus muscles with its fascia

Question 36

pelvic floor or inferior pelvic wall

Answer 36

pelvic diaphragm

Question 37

what does pelvic diaphragm consist of?

Answer 37

levitator ani and coccygeous muscle

Question 38

piriformis: origin, insertion, actions, and nerve

Answer 38

origin: sacrum insertion: greater trocanter actions: external rotator of the thigh nerve: nerve to the piriformis (L5, S1 and S2)

Question 39

obturator internus: origin, insertion, actions, an nerve

Answer 39

origin: the inner surface of the obturator membrane and adjoining part of the hip bone insertion: greater trochanter function: lateral rotator of hip joint Nerve to obturator internus from sacral plexus of nerves

Question 40

levator ani parts

Answer 40

pubococcygeal muscle | iliococcygeus muscle

Question 41

another word for ischiococcygeus muscle

Answer 41

coccygeal muscle

Question 42

levator ani nerve supply

Answer 42

s4 and pudendal nerve

Question 43

leviator ani function

Answer 43

prevents prolapse supports pelvic organs forms a sphincter around the anorectal junction and vagina

Question 44

levator ani origin and insertion

Answer 44

orgin: body of pubis, fascia obterator internus and spine of ischium inserstion: perineal body, anococcygeal body, walls of prostate, vagina, rectum and anal canal

Question 45

attachments of coccygeus muscle

Answer 45

spine of ischium to lower end of sacrum, coccyx

Question 46

nerve supply and function of coccygeus muscle

Answer 46

s4-s5 | function: assists levator ani to support pelvic viscera

Question 47

damage of pelvic floor can lead to

Answer 47

urinary incontinence: (unintentional passage of urine) | pelvic organ prolapse: (slip down of pelvic organs from their original position)