General Patton- Cutaneous rxns

Question 1

What is the most common cause of autosensitization dermatitis?

Answer 1

stasis dermatitis

Question 2

What does DRESS stand for?

Answer 2

Drug Rash Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms

Question 2

What is the most common cause of erythema multiforme?

Answer 2

HSV

Question 3

Type of hypersensitivity in allergic contact dermatitis

Answer 3

Type IV

Question 3

What occurs in the sensitization phase of allergic contact dermatitis?

Answer 3

exposure of the immune system to the hapten-peptide complex followed by clonal expansion of reactive T cells

Question 3

What is dermatographism?

Answer 3

urticaria caused by rubbing or scratching the skin

Question 4

T/F: there is no need to give systemic corticosteroids in allergic contact dermatitis

Answer 4

false, they are usually given d/t the severe nature of the rash

Question 4

What is the main determinant of whether urticaria are acute or chronic?

Answer 4

the 6 week time period. If less than 6 weeks = acute, if greater than = chronic

Question 5

What causes irritant contact dermatitis?

Answer 5

exposure to harsh solvents such as alkali or overexposure to mild solvents

Question 6

What is the clinical manifestation of allergic contact dermatitis?

Answer 6

eczematous dermatitis = itch, edema, erythema, and vesicle formation if acute/subacute and lichenification if chronic

Question 8

How can you get a definitive diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis to everyday materials?

Answer 8

patch testing

Question 9

When evaluating a patient for allergic contact dermatitis to everyday materials, what is the most important piece of information to receive?

Answer 9

ALL OF THE PRODUCTS THAT THEY ARE USING? It is more likely to be from something they have been using their whole life than something new

Question 10

How is DRESS different from morbilliform drug reactions?

Answer 10

it involves organs not just skin, most commonly the liver

Question 11

This is the most common type of drug eruption

Answer 11

Morbilliform drug reaction

Question 11

What differentiates erythema multiforme minor from major?

Answer 11

the amount of mucosal surface involvement

Question 12

T/F: if a morbilliform drug eruption occurs then the offending agent must be stopped immediately

Answer 12

false, it may be continued if necessary

Question 14

What are the autoantibodies against in chronic autoimmune urticaria?

Answer 14

receptors on mast cells

Question 15

How do you treat irritant contact dermatitis?

Answer 15

minimize exposure, for acute flares = topical corticosteroids, frequent emollient use

Question 16

What kind of urticaria develop after stressful events?

Answer 16

cholinergic urticaria

Question 17

What is the most serious complication of DRESS?

Answer 17

fulminant hepatic necrosis

Question 19

Which plant substance is involved in phytophotodermatitis?

Answer 19

furocoumarins (citrus fruit)

Question 20

How do you treat allergic contact dermatitis?

Answer 20

topical and SYSTEMIC corticosteroids, systemic antihistamines, and soothing astringent wraps

Question 21

Which drugs are the most common cause of DRESS, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis?

Answer 21

Aromatic anti-convulsants, sulfonamide antibiotics, and allopurinol

Question 22

What immune cells mediate phytophotodermatitis?

Answer 22

none it is not mediated by the immune system but by a phototoxic reaction

Question 23

What is the most common cause of allergic contact dermatitis?

Answer 23

reaction to toxicodendron plants (i.e. poison ivy, poison sumac)

Question 24

What is the key feature in the allergic contact dermatitis from plants?

Answer 24

Linear nature of the rash

Question 26

What is the most common cause of acute urticaria?

Answer 26

upper respiratory infection

Question 27

Where do fixed drug reactions tend to occur?

Answer 27

genital region

Question 28

4 general causes of erythema nodosum?

Answer 28

infections, medications (birth control!), IBD, and sarcoidosis

Question 29

What is the most common cause of the morbilliform drug eruption?

Answer 29

When someone is mistreated with ampicillin when they have mononucleosis (doc thought they had strep throat)

Question 31

What drugs are most likely to cause fixed drug eruption?

Answer 31

ibuprofen, naproxen, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines

Question 32

How do you differentiate Stevens-Johnson syndrome from Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis?

Answer 32

less than 10% of body SA is involved in SJS and greater than 30 is involved in TEN? The inbetweeners are a mixed SJS-TEN Dx