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GENERAL PARASITOLOGY > General Parasitology - LEC 2 > Flashcards

General Parasitology - LEC 2 Flashcards

1
Q

multicellular, bilaterally symmetrical, elongated, flat or round organisms

A

Helminths

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2
Q

2 phyla of helminths that parasitize humans

A

Phylum Platyhelminthes
Phylum Nematoda

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3
Q

Helminths are ______ in size and often visible to naked eyes

A

macroscopic

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4
Q

Nematodes’ larvae (3)

A

Rhabditiform
Filariform
Microfilaria

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5
Q

Cestode’s larvae (7)

A

Cysticercus
Cysticercoid
Coenurus
Coracidium
Procercoid
Plerocercoid
Hydatid cyst

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6
Q

Trematode’s larvae (5)

A

Miracidium
Sporocyst
Redia
Cercaria
Metacercaria

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7
Q

reside in lymphatic system or in the blood

A

Microfilaria

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8
Q

Parasite that has microfilaria larva, it is a blood and tissue parasite

A

Wuchureria bancrofti

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9
Q

They complete their life cycle in one host

A

Nematodes

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10
Q

Nematodes that require 2 hosts (man and insect vector/cyclops)

A

filarial nematodes and Dracunculus medinensis

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11
Q

They complete their life cycle in 2 different hosts

A

Cestodes

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12
Q

Cestodes that doesn’t require 2 hosts to complete their life cycle

A

Hymenolepis nana

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13
Q

For most cestodes, man is the

A

definitive host

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14
Q

Identify the cestode parasite that make MAN AS ITS INTERMEDIATE HOST

A

Echinococcus granulosus

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15
Q

cestode parasite: the man serves as both definitive and intermediate host

A

Taenia solium

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16
Q

They complete their life cycle in 1 definitive host (man) and 2 intermediate hosts (freshwater snail, fish/crab)

A

Trematodes

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17
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides infective stage in humans

A

embryonated egg with L3 larva

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18
Q

where does soil transmitted helminths embryonate?

A

soil

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19
Q

diagnostic stages of A. lumbricoides

A

fertilized eggs/ovum and adult worms in small intestine

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20
Q

Class cestoda is divided into two orders

A

Cyclophyllidea
Pseudophyllidea

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21
Q

class cestoda that needs water to embryonate eggs

A

Pseudophyllideans

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22
Q

class cestoda that needs soil to embryonate eggs “terrestrial”

A

Cyclophyllideans

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23
Q

class cestoda that contained in bladder/cyst, fluid-filled (bladder larva)

A

Cyclophyllideans

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24
Q

class cestoda that is not contained in cysts

A

Pseudophyllideans

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25
Q

[cyclo] Larva in Taenia multiceps

A

Coenerus

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26
Q

Larva in Taenia saginata and T. solium

A

Cysticercus

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27
Q

Larva in Hymenolepis spp.

A

Cysticercoid

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28
Q

[cyclo] T. solium and saginata eggs/ova when consumed affects the brain of humans. The disease caused by the said spp is called______

A

Cysticercosis

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29
Q

Pseudophyllideans L1 larva (ciliated with hooks)

A

Coracidium

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30
Q

Pseudophyllideans L2 larva (with cercomere, 3 pairs of hooklets)

A

Procercoid

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31
Q

Pseudophyllideans L3 larva (

A

Plerocercoid/sparganum

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32
Q

Disease cause by the ingestion of Plerocercoid/sparganum or the L3 larva of Pseudophyllideans.

A

Sparganosis disease

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33
Q

Trematodes’ intermediate host

A

snails (gastropods)

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34
Q

Earliest larva of trematodes

A

miracidium larva

35
Q

Infective stage of 1st intermediate host (snail)

A

Miracidium

36
Q

Infective stage of 2nd intermediate host (cow,sheep)

37
Q

encysted stage of a fluke in its final intermediate host (definitive host)

A

Metacercaria

38
Q

Miracidia is developed inside the nail through stages of what

A

mother sporocyst-daughter sporocyst
redia (I) - redia (2)
hanggang maging cercariae

39
Q

Trematodes require water to embryonate. T or F

40
Q

If schistosoma spp na trematodes, wala siyang stage na ______

A

redia larva stage

41
Q

Basta tandaan ang trematodes may primary and secondary host

42
Q

Worms (nematodes) na may plug sa structure

A

Adenophorea

43
Q

Nematodes naman na walang plug (round kasi)

A

Secernentea

44
Q

Adenophorea’s larval stage infective to definitive (final host)

A

First larval stage (trichinella)
Embryonated egg (trichuris)

45
Q

Difference of Adenophorea and Secernentea in terms of EXCRETORY SYSTEM

A

adeno-without lateral canals
secer-with lateral canals

46
Q

Difference of Adenophorea and Secernentea in terms of CAUDAL PAPPILAE

A

Absent or onti lang sa Adeno
tapos sa secer madami (numerous)

47
Q

Secernentea’s larval stage infective to definitive host

A

Third larval stage/embryonated egg

48
Q

Filarial hosts (3)

A

1 man DF
2 IH (snails, insects)

49
Q

Dracunculus medinensis intermediate host

A

cyclops/waterflea/copepod

49
Q

Sa E. granulosus, yung tao is intermediate host. Infected parin siya ng larva ng parasite. Kaya nga yung larva na cysticercoid nagcacause ng disease na____

A

Cysticercosis

50
Q

Taeniasis, man is the definitive host.

51
Q

location where the eggs are laid.

A

Ovipositioning medium

52
Q

Schistosoma spp are diecious because

A

they can reproduce their own eggs.

53
Q

term for “bump” in adenophorea

54
Q

Disease caused by T. cati and T. canis

A

VLM (visceral larva migrans)
OLM (ocular larva migrans)

55
Q

crown like structure on a tapeworm (korona siya sis)

56
Q

attachment of parasite to intestine

57
Q

If may spine/hooklets ang head ng parasite, tinatawag na ____

A

Armed scolex

58
Q

If walang spine/hooklets ang head ng parasite, tinatawag na ____

A

Unarmed scolex

59
Q

Toxocara spp have ___ number of sucker

60
Q

Trematodes have ___ no. of sucker

61
Q

what do you call the sucker of trematodes

A

oral sucker
ventral sucker

62
Q

Ventral sucker is called

A

Acetabulum

63
Q

Nematodes shape

A

elongated, cylindrical, unsegmented

64
Q

Cestodes shape

A

tape-like, segmented

65
Q

Trematodes shape

A

Lead-like unsegmented

66
Q

Nematodes, mas malaki babae kesa lalaki. diecious

67
Q

Trematodes monoecious sila, except sa schistosoma spp. na mas malaki lalaki kesa babae (diecious)

68
Q

HEAD ng nematodes

A

No sucker
No hooks
Some spp have well-developed buccal capsule

69
Q

HEAD ng cestodes

A

may sucker
may hooks (often)

70
Q

ALIMENTARY CANAL ng nematodes

A

complete
may anteriorly terminal mouth and posteriorly subterminal anus

71
Q

ALIMENTARY CANAL ng Cestodes

A

WALA HAHAHAH

72
Q

ALIMENTARY CANAL ng Trematodes

A

Meron pero incomplete tapos wala siyang anus

73
Q

Difference of nematodes, cestodes, trematodes in terms of BODY CAVITY

A

Nematodes - present
Cestodes - absent
Trematodes - absent

74
Q

Nematodes Mode of Infection

A

✓ ingestion of eggs
✓ penetration of larvae thru surfaces
✓ arthropod vector
✓ ingestion of encysted larvae

75
Q

Cestodes mode of infection

A

✓ infection by encysted larvae

76
Q

Trematodes mode of infection

A

✓ infection, larval stages
✓ entering intestinal tract
✓ penetration thru skin

77
Q

How helminths affect man?

A

✓Pathological lesions
✓ Malnutrition
Clinical manifestations (acute,)chronic

78
Q

exaggerated immune response of body against the parasite

A

Hypersensitivity reactions

79
Q

dxs caused by malnourishment

A

Helminthiasis

80
Q

Acute - kusang gumagaling

A

self-limiting disease

81
Q

Chronic - fatal if left untreated e.g., Taeniasis (1year), malaria
leishmania (leishmaniasis-altho protozoan na to)

A

Chronic dxs

82
Q

Scientific term of head louse

A

Pediculus humanus capitis

83
Q

Scientific term of body louse

A

Pediculus humanus corporis

GENERAL PARASITOLOGY (7 decks)

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