General Organization

Question 1

afferent

Answer 1

brining info toward the reference cell

general sensory

Question 2

efferent

Answer 2

bringing info away from the reference cell

general motor

Question 3

2 types of cells in the nervous system

Answer 3

neurons and glial cells

Question 4

function of neurons

Answer 4

general impulses, major communication within nervous system and between body parts

Question 5

types of glial cells

Answer 5

astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, schwann cells
(SEMOA)

Question 6

function of astrocytes

Answer 6

form supporting network in brain, metabolic function, form scars

Question 7

function of oligodendrocytes

Answer 7

form myelin sheath around axons of nerves in CNS

Question 8

function of microglia

Answer 8

engulf and remove cellular debris

Question 9

function of ependymal cells

Answer 9

line ventricles, direct CSF flow

Question 10

function of schwann cells

Answer 10

form myelin sheath around axons of nerves in PNS

Question 11

which glial cells are in CNS

Answer 11

all except schwann cells, which are in PNS

Question 12

3 primary parts of neurons

Answer 12

cell body, dendrites, axon

Question 13

function of cell body

Answer 13

metabolic center of cell, receives inputs

Question 14

function of dendrites

Answer 14

receive signals from other neurons

Question 15

function of axon

Answer 15

conducts signals away from other neurons

Question 16

white matter is composed of

Answer 16

axons

Question 17

gray matter is composed of

Answer 17

cell bodies and dendrites

Question 18

collections of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS are called

Answer 18

nuclei

gray matter cell column

Question 19

collections of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS are called

Answer 19

ganglia

Question 20

which cells produce myelin in the CNS and PNS

Answer 20

CNS - oligodendrocytes

PNS - Schwann cells

Question 21

name of CSF filled cavity associated with major CNS structures

Answer 21

3rd ventricle

Question 22

structure/function of 3rd ventricle

Answer 22

single midline structure in diencephalon

channels CSF down from 2 lateral ventricles deep in the cerebral hemisphere

Question 23

ventricular segments

Answer 23

medulla, pons, and midbrain

Question 24

3 primary classifications of neurons

Answer 24

pseudopolar, bipolar, and multipolar

Question 25

pseudopolar structure/location

Answer 25

single axon, single dendrite emerging from same process (found in most sensory systems)

Question 26

bipolar structure/location

Answer 26

single axon, single dendrite emerging off cell body (found in eye and ear)

Question 27

multipolar structure/location

Answer 27

many dendrites, single axon (most common type)

Question 28

5 types of structures that are included in the PNS

Answer 28

dorsal and ventral roots
spinal and cranial nerves
dorsal root and other sensory ganglia
sensory receptors
muscle (motor) terminals

Question 29

3 primary functions carried in a spinal nerve

Answer 29

sensory - info from sensory receptors to first cell body in DRG
motor - info from cell bodies in ventral horn to mx
autonomic - sensory fibers transmit info toward visceral afferent uncurls and autonomic efferent fibers leaving cell bodies in lateral horns

Question 30

continuity of PNS with CNS

Answer 30

the PNS is mostly anatomically distinct from the CNS but is NOT functionally distinct
(axons of sensory ganglia cells and cell bodies of motor autonomic neurons form seamless communication between body and CNS)

Question 31

lower and upper portions of medulla

Answer 31

lower: closed medulla
upper: open medulla

Question 32

central canal that continues from spinal cord into lower medulla and expands into the 4th ventricle

Answer 32

medulla

Question 33

superior half of 4th ventricle is dorsal to the __

Answer 33

pons

Question 34

transverse by cerebral aqueduct

Answer 34

midbrain