general notes Flashcards
first ventilatory threshold (VT1)
occurs first time lactate begins to accumulate
represents hyperventilation relative to VO2
caused by the need to rid of extra CO2 produced by the buffering of acid metabolites
highest intensity that can be sustained for 1-2 hours
second ventilatory threshold (VT2)
occurs when lactate is rapidly increasing with intensity
represents hyperventilation even relative to the extra CO2 being produced (to the point where ridding CO2 is not enough to buffer the j crease in acidity
the highest intensity that can be sustained for 30-60 minutes
major components of physical fitness
muscular fitness (strength and endurance)
cardiovascular or cardiorespiratory endurance
flexibility
body composition
mind/body vitality
processes that must be functioning to provide blood and nutrients to the tissues (3)
getting oxygen to the blood by pulmonary ventilation and hemoglobin content of blood
delivering oxygen to the active tissues through cardiac output
extracting oxygen from the blood to complete the metabolic production of ATP
acute responses to aerobic exercise
increased cardiac output
increased systolic blood pressure
increased pulmonary ventilation
depletion of phosphagens and accumulation of lactate
decreased flow off lol to visceral organs
chronic adaptations to aerobic exercise
increased respiratory capacity
decreased blood pressure in moderately hypertensive individuals
lowered resting heart rate
increased aerobic capacity
improved body composition
lean body mass
body composition consisting of muscles, bones, nervous tissue, skin, blood, organs
at rest, exchange ratio values average .75, indicates the body burning ? % fat and ? % carbohydrate
85%
15%
on average how much energy is burned for every liter of oxygen consumed
5 kCal
during exercise, ? stays the same or decreases due to vasodilation of blood vessels
diastolic blood pressure
L/min
is the unit of measurement for
absolute VO2 max
carbon dioxide produced / oxygen consumed
is the formula for
respiratory exchange ratio
mL/kg/min
is the unit of measurement for
relative VO2 max
Q = HR x SV
is the formula for
cardiac output
signs of heat exhaustion
weak rapid pulse low blood pressure headache nausea dizziness general weakness paleness cold clammy skin profuse sweating elevated core temp (104F, 40C)
signs of heat stroke
hot dry skin bright red skin color rapid strong pulse labored breathing elevated core temp (105F, 41C)