General Medicine Flashcards
What is the MoA of both penicillin and cephalosporin?
They inhibit cell wall synthesis(beta lactam inhibits bacterial transpeptidase).
What is the MoA of Vigamox(Fluoroquinolones)?
They inhibit DNA Gyrase (topoisomerase II) by targeting bacterial DNA supercoiling.
What is the MoA of Sulfonamides?
Adverse Rxns?
Block folic acid synthesis.
Adverse reactions: SJ/TEN
What is the MoA of tetracyclines?
Adverse Rxns?
Inhibits Protein synthesis by binding to the 30s ribosomal subunit.
Teeth discoloration in young, decreases ocp effectiveness, pseudotumor and photosensitivity.
What is the MoA of chloramphenicol ?
Binds to the 50s ribosomal subunit.
What is the MoA of aminoglycosides?
Adverse Rxns?
Bind to 30s ribosomal subunits. Inhibiting protein synthesis. Bacteriocidal.
Vestibular, auditory and renal toxicity.
What is MEN 1?
What is MEN 2A and 2B?
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia.
1-parathyroid, pancreatic(enteropancreatic), pituitary.
2A medullary, pheochromocytoma and hyperparathyroidism
2B medullary, pheochromocytoma and ganglioneuromas
What is the MoA of Beta blockers?
Adverse reactions?
Reduce aqueous production by decreasing CAMP in the ciliary epithelium(20% IOP reduction).
Adverse rxn Bradycardia, poor lipid profile and bronchospasm(betaxolol cardio selective).
What is the MoA of alpha2 agonists(apraclonidine, bromonidine /alphagan?
Adverse rxns?
Reduces aqueous by decreasing episcleral venous pressure.
Adverse rxn: increased somnolence in children especially children under 3, miosis and allergy.
What is the MoA of CAIs (diamox/ acetazolamide topical: dorzolamide)?
Adverse rxns?
They decrease aqueous production by decreasing the amount of bicarbonate formation in the ciliary body epithelium.
Adverse rxn: metallic taste, skin rash and weight loss.
What is the MoA of prostaglandin analogues(latanoprost/xalatan)?
Adverse rxns?
They increase uveoscleral outflow(30% IOP reduction)
Adverse rxn: hyperemia, iris/eyelid pigmentation and CME.
What is the MoA of NSAIDs?
What class are ketorolac and diclofenac?
They inhibit the cyclooxygenase pathway which stops the production of PGs, prostacyclins and thromboxanes.
Acetic acid.
