General Flight Procedures

Question 1

When must an accurate altimeter check be conducted?

Answer 1

Before every flight.

Question 2

Where may an altimeter check be conducted?

Answer 2

• Apron,
• Threshold,
• Airfield reference point.

Question 3

To within how many feet must an altimeter read to be serviceable?

Answer 3

60 ft

Question 4

When is an altimeter considered to be unserviceable?

Answer 4

When it read outside of +/- 75 ft.

Question 5

How many altimeters does an IFR aircraft require?

Answer 5

Two serviceable altimeters.

Question 6

Airfield elevation in 21ft, and one altimeter reads +40ft and the second one reads -40ft. Are you allowed to continue your flight?

Answer 6

Yes, the first altimeter reads within 60ft and although the second one reads more than 60ft out of tolerance the flight to a second aerodrome, where the altimeter can be rechecked, may be conducted. If the second altimeter still reads an error in excess of 60ft at the second aerodrome check, then it is to be considered unserviceable.

Question 7

Airfield elevation 935ft, and one altimeters reads 1010ft and the second one reads 850ft; are you allowed to continue your flight?

Answer 7

No, the first altimeter has a error of +75ft, which is still acceptable but the second one has an error of 85ft which is outside the tolerances.

Question 8

To within how many feet must a VFR altimeter read airfield elevation, when checked?

Answer 8

100ft (110ft for aerdromes above 3300ft)

Question 9

May a VFR altimeter be used for operations above FL200?

Answer 9

No.

Question 10

Where can an accurate QNH be sourced from for the altimeter check?

Answer 10

• ATIS,
• Tower,
• Automatic remote-reporting aerodrome sensor (AWIS)

Question 11

What is the transition altitude in Australia?

Answer 11

10,000ft

Question 12

What is the transition level in Australia with an Area QNH of 1020 hPa?

Answer 12

FL110

Question 13

What is the transition level in Australia with an Area QNH of 1009 hPa?

Answer 13

FL115

Question 14

Below what QNH is transition level FL115 used?

Answer 14

Below 1013 hPa.

Question 15

Below what QNH is transition level FL120 used?

Answer 15

Below 997 hPa.

Question 16

When must you set the local QNH?

Answer 16

When below the transition altitude and within 100 miles of a known station. (Area QNH must be set if no known stations are available)

Question 17

What is the standard pressure altimeter setting?

Answer 17

1013.25 hPa

Question 18

Can you plan to fly at FL110?

Answer 18

No, it is part of the transition layer.

Question 19

What QNH must you set when descending through the transition layer and no known local QNH is available?

Answer 19

Area QNH.

Question 20

What are the meteorological minimas for VFR aircraft in class A airspace?

Answer 20

None as VFR aircraft are not allowed in class A airspace.

Question 21

What visibility and distance from cloud is required for VFR aircraft in class C airspace?

Answer 21

8km visibility above 10,000 ft
5km visibility below 10,000 ft
1500m horizontal distance from cloud
1000ft above and below cloud

Question 22

What visibility and distance from cloud is required for VFR aircraft in class D airspace?

Answer 22

5km visibility
600m horizontal distance from cloud
1000 ft above and 500 ft below cloud

Question 23

What visibility and distance from cloud is required for VFR aircraft in class E airspace?

Answer 23

8km visibility above 10,000 ft
5km visibility below 10,000 ft
1500m horizontal distance from cloud
1000ft above and below cloud

Question 24

What visibility and distance from cloud is required for VFR aircraft in class G airspace?

Answer 24

• 8 km visibility above 10,000 ft
• 5 km visibility below 10,000 ft
• 1500m horizontal distance from cloud
• 1000ft above and below cloud except that
  When below 3000 ft AMSL or 1000 ft AGL:
• Clear of cloud and
• In sight of ground or water
• 5 km visibility

Question 25

What met minima is required for SVFR?

Answer 25

• Clear of cloud
• In sight of ground or water
• Vis of 1600 m

Question 26

For an IFR aircraft, what is the maximum time interval between two positive fixes?

Answer 26

2 hrs

Question 27

When navigating by visual reference to ground or water, what is the maximum time interval between two positive fixes?

Answer 27

30 min.

Question 28

When navigating by visual reference under the VFR in controlled airspace, to within how many miles must the track be kept?

Answer 28

1 nm

Question 29

Is a VFR flight on top of more than SCT cloud allowed?

Answer 29

Yes, as long as:

• VFR met minima’s can be maintained during climb cruise and descent
• A positive fix can be obtained every 30 min
• The forecast for the destination will allow descent in VMC

Question 30

How accurate must a time reference be kept at?

Answer 30

+/- 30 sec

Question 31

What is deemed to be a positive fix when navigating under IFR?

Answer 31

• NDB station passage
• VOR station passage
• DME
• Intersection of two or more position lines with angles not more than 45 degrees and within the rated coverage of the aid, except when only NDB’s are used within 30 nm of the NDB’s.
• GNSS

Question 32

Beyond what limits must a pilot report track deviations to ATC when using:

• ILS or VOR
• NDB
• DME
• GNSS
• Visual

Answer 32

• Half scale deflection
• +/- 5 degrees
• +/- 2 nm
• Half scale deflection
• 1 nm

Question 33

May an aircraft enter restricted airspace or deviate off track in controlled airspace in an emergency.

Answer 33

Not without prior clearance, but if necessary they should broadcast a PAN call, squawk an emergency code and make regular transmissions. The aircraft proceeds on it’s own risk.

Question 34

What are the tolerances used to avoid controlled airspace when using:

• NDB
• VOR
• DR
• RNP2
• RNAV 5/RNAV 10/ RNP 10/ RNP 4
• Visual 0 - 2000 ft
• Visual 2001 ft - 5000 ft
• Visual 5001 ft - 10,000 ft
• Visual 10,001 ft - FL200
• Visual FL205 - FL300
• Visual FL 305 - FL400

Answer 34

• NDB +/- 6.9 degrees
• VOR +/- 5.2 degrees
• DR +/- 12 degrees
• RNP2 +/- 7 nm
• RNAV 5/RNAV 10/ +/- 14 nm
  RNP 10/ RNP 4
• Visual 0 - 2000 ft +/- 1 nm (2 nm at night)
• Visual 2001 ft - 5000 ft +/- 2 nm (3 nm at night)
• Visual 5001 ft - 10,000 ft +/- 4 nm (5 nm at night)
• Visual 10,001 ft - FL200 +/- 8 nm
• Visual FL205 - FL300 +/- 12 nm
• Visual FL 305 - FL400 +/- 16 nm

Question 35

What navigation equipment is required for an IFR RPT aircraft ?

Answer 35

• 2 ADF/VOR/GNSS (At least one ADF or VOR) and
• 1 DME or GNSS; or
• 2 GNSS

Question 36

Which aircraft must carry an airborne weather radar?

Answer 36

IFR RPT and CHTR above 5700 kg

Question 37

When must a GPWS be carried?

Answer 37

IFR RPT and CHTR aircraft above 15,000 kg or 10 pax or more.

Question 38

May an aircraft which is required to have a GPWS installed depart, if the GPWS is unserviceable?

Answer 38

No, unless approved by a MEL and the aerodrome is not one where the GPWS can be repaired.

Question 39

When must an aircraft carry a serviceable mode A, C, or S transponder?

Answer 39

• When operating in class A, B, or C airspace
• Any airspace above 10,000ft
• When operating in class E airspace below 10,000ft

Question 40

When must aircraft carry serviceable ADS-B equipment?

Answer 40

When flying above FL290

Question 41

Can you continue to operate a flight in controlled airspace if your transponder fails?

Answer 41

• Only upon request and approval from ATC.

- Only when flying to a port where the transponder can be fixed.

Question 42

Who’s responsibility is it to maintain separation once following an RA warning from TCAS?

Answer 42

It is the pilots responsibility until:

• re-established on track or
• re-cleared by ATC and
• ATC has been advised that the TCAS maneuver has been completed.

Question 43

Does an RA have to be reported?

Answer 43

Yes, to ATSB and SMS

Question 44

How can one avoid TA’s and RA’s in busy airspace?

Answer 44

Reduce rates of climb and descend through the last 1000ft.