General Chemistry Chapter 6: Equilibrium

Question 1

What do reversible reactions reach?

Answer 1

A state in which energy is minimized and entropy is maximized

Question 2

DYNAMIC

Answer 2

Reactions are always occuring, just at a constant state

Question 3

What is the law of mass action?

Answer 3

gives the expression for the equilibrium constant, Keq. The reaction quotient Q has the same form but can be calculated at any concentration of reactant and products

Question 4

What is Keq constant at?

Answer 4

At a temperature

Question 5

What states are part of the law of mass action?

Answer 5

Only gasses and aqueous species

Question 6

If Q

Answer 6

G

Question 7

If Q = Keq

Answer 7

G = 0 and reaction is in dynamic equilibrium

Question 8

If Q > Keq

Answer 8

G > 0 and reaction proceeds

Question 9

What is Le Chatelier’s principle?

Answer 9

states that when a chemical system experiences a stress, it will react so as to restore equilibrium

Question 10

What are the three main types of stressors to a system?

Answer 10

changes in concentration, pressure and volume and temperature

Question 11

Increasing the concentration of reactants or decreasing products

Answer 11

Shifts to the right

Question 12

Increasing the concentration of the products or decreasing reactants

Answer 12

Shifts to the right

Question 13

Increasing pressure

Answer 13

Shifts toward side with fewer moles of gas

Question 14

Decreasing pressure

Answer 14

Shifts toward side with more moles of gas

Question 15

Increasing temperature of an endothermic reaction

Answer 15

Shift to the right

Question 16

Decreasing temperature of an exothermic reaction

Answer 16

Shifts to the right

Question 17

Increasing temperature of an exothermic

Answer 17

Shifts to the left

Question 18

Decreasing the temperature of an endothermic reaction

Answer 18

Shifts to the left

Question 19

Kinetic products

Answer 19

higher in free energy and can form at lower temperatures

Question 20

Thermodynamic products

Answer 20

lower in free energy and more stable - more spontaneous, even though it is slower