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NMF: Obs & Gynae > GENERAL > Flashcards

GENERAL Flashcards

1
Q

Which hormone can be used to to assess ovarian reserve prior to in vitro fertilisation treatment?

A

anti-mullerian hormone

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2
Q

Contra-indication to HRT

A 
Active or recent arterial thromboembolic disease (e.g. angina or MI) 
Current or past breast cancer
Any oestrogen-sensitive cancer
Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding
Untreated endometrial hyperplasia
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3
Q

How long is the female urethra?

A

3-4 cm

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4
Q

When does the bladder produce desire to void?

A

250ml

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5
Q

What is polyuria?

A

when over 2.8l is produced in 24 hours

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6
Q

What will reduce efficacy of COCP?

A

phenytoin

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7
Q

Which drugs are contra-indicated in breast-feeding?

A 
tetracyclines, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, sulphonamides
pheobarbitone
amiodarone
cytotoxics eg methotrexate
lithium, benzodiazepines
bromocriptine
aspirin
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8
Q

A 40 year old woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day complains of a green nipple discharge and a non-tender lump below the nipple.

A

duct ectasia

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9
Q

70 yr old woman presents with hot tender breast with cellulitis

A

inflammatory breast cancer

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10
Q

What proportion of couples suffer from infertility?

A

1 in 6

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11
Q

LH surge occurs at what duration prior to Ovulation ?

A

24- 36 hours

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12
Q

Treat infertility due to PCOS

A

Clomifene citrate

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13
Q

Where does spermatogenesis occur in a testicle ?

A

seminiferous tubules

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14
Q

What does
a) oligoasthenospermia
b) teratoasthenospermia
mean?

A

a) low count and motility

b) abnormal form and low motility

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15
Q

Where is testosterone secreted from in a male ?

A

leydig cell

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16
Q

A woman presents with at 7 weeks gestation with heavy vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. On examination, her cervix is slightly open with tissue visible. On ultrasound scan a fetal heart beat is seen in the uterine cavity

A

inevitable miscarriage as cervix open

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17
Q

The rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) can be drained via a needle passed through….

A

the posterior fornix of the vagina

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18
Q

most effective form of contraception?

A

implant

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19
Q

the COCP is protective against which form of cancer?

A

ovarian

20
Q

form of miscarriage where sac is still there

A

missed miscarriage

21
Q

is mesonephric or pasamesonephric duct present in females?

A

paramesonephric

22
Q

What does the mesonephric duct form?

A

vas deferens

23
Q

fluid in the foetal lung is mostly made by

A

the foetal lung

24
Q

resuscitation of term infants should use what

A

air

25
Q

resuscitation of preterm infants should use what

A

low conc oxygen (20-30%)

26
Q

A previously well newborn term infant on the postnatal ward is noticed to be breathing quickly and feeding poorly. Which condition[s] might be considered in your differential diagnosis?

A

group B strep

27
Q

What drugs are contraindicated in pregnancy?

A

ACE inhibitors/ARB Renal hypoplasia
Androgens Virilisation of female foetus
Antiepileptics Cardiac, facial, limb, neural tube defects
Cytotoxics Multiple defects, abortion
Lithium Cardiovascular defects
Methotrexate Skeletal defects
Retinoids Ear, cardiovascular, skeletal defects
Warfarin Limb and facial defects

28
Q

treat primary amenorrhoea caused by prolactinoma

A

dopamine agonist eg cabergoline

29
Q

Which contraception should be stopped at age 50?

A

COCP

injectable depo-provera

30
Q

Benign cancer that affects all germ cell layers in the ovaries

A

dermoid cyst

31
Q

abnormal endometrial thickness

A

pre-menopause: >16mm

post-menopause: >4mm

32
Q

follow-up management of ectopic pregnancy

A

if methotrexate do LFTs

33
Q

Which type of HRT is used in post-menopausal women who have had a hysterectomy?

A

oestrogen only

34
Q

Which type of cancer is increased by combined HRT?

A

breast

35
Q

Manage 1 missed pill in week 1

A

take extra pill

36
Q

Manage 2 missed pill in week 1

A

emergency contraception

37
Q

Manage 2 missed pill in week 2

A

use condoms for 7 days

38
Q

Manage 2 missed pill in week 3

A

ok, no break after pack

39
Q

Absolute CI to COCP

A

Hx of stroke or VTE
migraines
>35 and smoking >15 cigarettes

40
Q

When can POP be started after giving birth?

A

anytime

41
Q

When can depo be started after giving birth?

A

anytime unless breastfeeding

42
Q

How long should COCP be avoided after giving birth?

A

3wks

6wks if additional VTE risk

43
Q

How long after UPSI should levonorogestrel be given?

A

upto 72hrs but efficacy dec with inc time

44
Q

How long after UPSI should ulipristal be given?

A

upto 120 hrs (5 days)

45
Q

In which form of emergency oral contraception is dose doubled if high bmi or enzyme inducing drugs?

A

levonorogestrel

46
Q

In which form of emergency oral contraception is only one dose allowed per cycle?

A

ulipristal

NMF: Obs & Gynae (12 decks)

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