General Flashcards
Despite its ancient prestige as the center of Roman civilization, modern Italy wasn’t unified until as recently as what year?
1861
What is Italy’s smallest and least populous region?
Valle d’Aosta
- ranks last amongst Italy’s 20 regions in volume of production
In what year were the first DOCGs awarded?
1980
Barolo DOCG
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
VIno Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
In what year was Goria’s Law established?
1992
- established Indicazione Geografica Tipica (IGT) category
- attempt at reform
Why was Goria’s Law established?
- 1992, est. Indicazione Geografica Tipica (IGT)
- attempt at reform, response to “Super Tuscans”, finer producers releasing experimental wines as Vino da Tavola
- more relaxed regulation, wider freedoms
- range from basic quality to most sought-after bottles
- often labeled varietally
- 1994, 1st IGTs appear
- Today, IGT considered PGI (Protected Geographical Indication)
- springboard to DOC
How many years must a region be recognized as DOC before they may apply for DOCG?
5 years
- both DOC and DOCG considered PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) = France AOC/AOP
What’s the number of DOCGs that were elevated from 2009 to 2011?
under 50 to 73
- unintended effect to EU Common Market Organisation reforms that came online from 2008 to 2011, where jurisdiction over final approval of new appellations transferred from Rome to Brussels
- officials rushed to fulfill over 300 requests while Rome still had authority
- DOCs likewise multiplied
What was the 74th DOCG recognized in 2014?
Nizza (100% Barbera; Monferrato Hills, Piedmont)
- approved by Rome
- broke the three year gap (2011-2014) with no new DOCG
What is Vino da Tavola now known as?
Vino
What is vintage in Italian?
What portion of Trentino-Alto Adige’s output is dominated by co-ops?over 3/4
Where is Liguria located and what type of climate does it have?-Occupies a narrow band of mountainous coastlands, south of Piedmont -Mediterranean climate
What is the main grape and required aging of Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG?-70-100% Sangiovese -Min 3 years (6 months in btl)
What wine is classically used with the Bellini cocktail?Prosecco
How long are the grapes of Recioto di Soave typically dried?4-6 months
What zones of production may make Soave Superiore?-Classico -Colli Scaligeri
What are the two notable Nebbiolo craftsmen also making serious Alta Langa DOCG wines?-Fontanafredda -Enrico Serafino
What is unique about the Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG?It limits maceration time to keep the vibrant Cerasuolo ‘cherry-red’ color of the wine
Petit Rouge dominates which Vall d’Aosta DOC sub-appellations?-Torrette -Chambave -Enfer d’Arvier
What are the Roero DOCGs based on?Roero DOCG -Min 95% Nebbiolo Roero Arneis DOCG -Min 95% Arneis
What and where is the Brindisi DOC?-Puglia -Negroamaro
What traditional practice dating back to the 1870s in Chianti is now optional?The addition of white grapes- Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia
What is Pignoletto?-An autochthonous variety known to the Romans as ‘Pino Lieto’ -Most likely identical to Umbria’s Grechetto
True or False: Barolo can be aged in chestnutTrue
How long must Chianti be aged and what sub-zones must be aged longer?-Normale- Until March 1 -Montepertoli- June 1 -Superiore, Colli Fiorentini, Rufina- Sept 1 -Riserva- 24 m, 12.5% abv -Superiore- additional .5% abv
Where is the Valpolicella Classico region located?-The western end of the appellation, near the shores of Lake Garda -Consists of four ‘fingers’ or valleys
What is Piedmont’s most planted white grape?Moscato Bianco (Muscat a Petits Grains)
What is Sicily’s sole DOCG? What is the uvaggio?-Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG -50-70% Nero d’Avola -30-50% Frappato
Can Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco and Asolo Prosecco DOCG be still or sparkling?Yes
What are the three prominent white varietals of Campania?-Fiano -Greco -Flanghina
Where is Aglianico del Taburno DOCG and what is the required varietal percentage?-Campania -Min 85% Aglianico
What is the capital of Latium?Rome
When did Marquis Mario Rocchetta’s Tenuta San Guido release the first vintage of Sassicaia?1968
What region of Italy produces the most wine?-Veneto -Swaths of cheap pinot Grigio and sparkling wines
What portion of the wines of Veneto are of DOC quality?Over 1/4
What is Nebbiolo known as in Valtellina?Chiavanesca
Describe the climate of Valle d’Aosta.A continental climate with long, cold winters and short, hot summers
Where is Gavi located?Piedmont- the extreme southern portion of the Alessandria province, sharing its western border with Ovada
Where is the Bianco di Custoza DOC?-Veneto -Surrounded by the Bardolino DOC
What are the rosato versions of Montepulciano called?Cerasuolo
What is Abruzzo’s sole DOCG?Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teraman DOCG -Essentially Montepulciano d’Abruzzo’s classic zone -Min 90% Montepulciano (vs. min 85% for DOC)
Is Tuscan Vin Santo fortified?-It is not required -Labeled ‘liquorso’ if it is
What is Vesuvio DOC called if it achieves a 12% abv? Where is it located?-‘Lacryma Christi del Vesuvio’ -Campania
What central provinces of Emilia-Romagna are monopolized by Lambrusco?Modena & Reggiano
What is the aging requirement for Barbaresco? Riserva?Normale: -Min 2 years (9 m in cask) Reserva: -Min4 years (9 m in cask)
What 4 DOCs produce Lambrusco in Emilia-Romagna?-Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro -Lambrusco di Sorbara -Lambrusco Reggiano -Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce
What province is Brunello di Montalcino in?Siena
How long must Alta Langa be aged? Riserva?Normale: -Min 30 months after harvest Riserva: -Min 36 months after harvest
Name 3 tradionalist producers in Barolo.-Giacomo Conterno -Bartolo Mascarello -Giuseppe Rinaldi
When was the DOCG introduced?1963- although the first DOCG was not awarded until 1980 when Barolo, Brunello and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano were upgraded
What is Guarnaccia and where is it grown?-A Grenache variant -ischia DOC, in the Bay of Naples
What are the important permitted white varieties for the Trentino DOC?-Chardonnay -P Grigio -P bianco -Muller-Thurgau -SB
What is the uvaggio of Soave DOC?min 70% Garganega, plus Trebbiano di Soave, Chard and Pinot Bianco
What 2 valleys are located in the eastern portion of the Valpolicella DOC?-Valpantena -Issali
Where and what is the Costa d’Amalfi DOC?-Campania -Flaanghina, blended with Biancolella
Where is Abruzzo located?South of the Marche, along the Adriatic coast
What grape of Calabria has been linked to Sangiovese?Gaglioppo
Describe the wines Barbera produces.High acidity, low in tannin
What is Zibibbo?A synonym for Muscat of Alexandria on Sicily
Where is the Marches located?East of Umbria, on the Adriatic coast
What grape produces Orvieto? In what styles?-Grechetto (a new uvaggio engineered in 2003 to focus away from Trebbiano) -Generally dry, but may be sweet or even botrytized
What is the sole DOC of Valle d’Aosta?Valle d’Aosta DOC (it has 7 sub-appellations)
Name 3 traditional Brunello producers-Biondi-Santi -Talenti -Soldera
How long must Vino Nobile di Montepulciano be aged?-min 2 years (1 in wood) Riserva: -min 3 years
What is Tai?A synonym for Friulano
What soil characterizes the province of Orvieto?Tuffeau
What prvince is Vino Nobile di Montepulciano in?Siena
What ancient grape, and parent of Teroldego, is one of Trentino’s major red grapes?Marzemino
What grape dominates white plantings in Calabria?-Greco -White grapes account for less than 10% of Calabrian wine
What grape dominated the reds and rosatos of the Ciro DOC and where is it located?-Gaglioppo -Calabria
What is the grape of Recioto di Gambellara DOCG and what styles can be produced?-100% Garganega -Sweet, still and sparkling
What are the two DOCgs of Valtellina?(Lombardy) -Valtellina Superiore -Sforzato di Valtellina (Valtellina Sfurzat)
For how long must Amatone Riserva be aged?4 years (no wood required)
T o F- Franciacorta Saten may only be released as brut?True
What are the permitted sweetness levels for Franciacorta?-Dosaggio Zero -Extra Brut -Brut -Extra Dry Not permitted for Millesimato or Riserva: -Sec -Demi-Sec
What is Moscadello di Montalcino DOC for?-White wines produced from Moscadello (Moscato Bianco) -Often sweet -Still or sparkling
Where is the Falesco Estate located and what is it known for?-Montefiascone in Latium -Merlot and Cabernet
What is the most planted red grape in Puglia?Negroamaro
What is Basilicata’s sole DOCG?Aglianio del Vulture Superiore DOCg
What are the requirements for Aglianico del Superiore DOCG?-min 13% anv -min 3 years (1 in wood) Riserva: -min 5 years (2 in wood)
What are Umbria’s DOCGs?-Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG -Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG
How long must Sagrantino di Montefalco be aged for?min 30 months -Secco- min 12 months in wood
Where is Morellino di Scansano DOCG located?Tuscany, in the southern Maremma, in the province of Grosseto
What is the aging requirement for Soave Superiore?-1 year (3 months in bottle) -Riserva- min 2 years
How long must Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG be aged?-min 2 years (1 in wood) -Riserva- min 3 years
Where is the Gambellara DOC?Veneto, immediately east of Soave
What is sforzato?A style similar to recioto, produced from Nebbiolo grapes that are dried to release no more than half the equivalent content of freshly harvested grapes
How many sori are classified for Diano d’Alba and what must also be included on the label?-77 sori are classified as superior exposures -‘menzioni gregrafiche aggiunitive’
What are the unofficial sub-zones of Brunello di Montalcino?-Sant Angelo in Colle -Castelnuovo Abate -Torrenieri
How many hectares of Montalcinos 24,000 are authorized to grow Brunello?5,000 ha
What is the blend of Ghemme?min 75% Spanna, combined with max 25% Vespolina and Uva Rara (Bonarda Novarese)
What is the blend of Gattinara?min 90% Spanna, combined with max 10% Bonarda di Gattinara and Vespolina (may not exceed 4%)
Where is the Rosazzo DOCG and what is the main grape?-Fiuli (formerly a sub-zone of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG) -Based on Tai (Friulano)
What are the 6 provinces of Chianti?-Firenze -Siena -Arezzo -Prato -Pisa -Pistoia
What in Bombino?A synonym for Trebbiano d’Abruzzo
What is Bardolino Chiaretto?Bardolino DOC rosato
Where is the Ischi DOC and what are the wines?-Campania, offshore in the Bay of Naples -Bianco: Foraster and Biancolella blends -Rosso: Piedirosso and Guarnaccia
T or F- Werdiccho can produce sweet or sparkling wine are the DOCG level in the Marches?False- still dry only for DOCg, sweet and sparkling may be DOC
What is a sori?A southern exposure, considered superior
What barrels are used in Vin Santo production?-Caratelli -Holds just 50 liters (13 gallons)
What sub-zone of Chianti requires a min 75% Sangiovese?Colli Senesi
What are the important Barolo commune crus?-Barolo Cannubi -Brunate (shared with La Morra) -Barolo Sarmazza
What does ‘stagafassli’ mean on a bottle of Vatellina Superiore?The wines were bottled in the neighboring territory of Switzerland
What Vin Santo DOC is the majority of export?Vin Santo del Chianti DOC
What and where is the Rosso Barletta DOC?-Puglia -Uva di Troia
Who is the greatest Vin Santo producer?Avigonesi -Vin Santo di Montepulciano
When and what was the Gloria’s Law?-1992 -Introduced the IGT category
Where and what is the Greco di Bianco DOC?-Calabria -Greco, principally produces sweet wines via partial appassimento
What DOC does Palari release wine under?Faro DOC (Nerello Mascalese)
What is Gallura’s climate and soil like?Gallura is a hot, high-elevation zone with poor, rocky, granite soils
Where is Nuragus di Cagliari DOC?-Sardinia -Nuragus produces tart, appley wines
What are the DOCGs of Soave?Soave Superiore DOCG Recioto di Soave DOCG
Where is the Bregaze DOC and what is produced there?-Veneto, NW of Verona -Varietal dry wines from both local and international varieties
How many hectoliters of sparkling wine are produced from the Prosecco grape?over 1 million
What are the two DOCGs for the Prosecco grape?-Cogngeliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG -Asolo Prosecco DOCG (formerly known as Prosecco Montello e Colli Asolani)
Where does Dogliani’s fame stem?Luigi Einaudi (producer) was elected as the second president of the Italian Republic in 1948
Where and what is the Melissa DOC?-Calabria -Greco
Where is the Greco di Tufo DOCG? What is the uvaggio?-Campania, north of Fiano di Avellino -min 85% Greco, max 15% Coda di Volpe
Describe the Vin Santo production process.-Grape are hung from rafters to dry, usually until Dec. 1 -Slow fermentation and aging in caratelli barrels -For 2-3 years, depending on the style -Chestnut is traditionally used, for rapid oxidation -Modern producers have switched to oak -Barrels are never topped -Alcohol is concentrated through evaporation, and gain amber hue -Final style may be dry or sweet, depends on the length of appassimento -May be fortified and labeled as ‘liquoroso’
Who is Torgiano’s largest producer and whey are they important?-Lungarotti Faily -They were instrumental in the elevation of Torgiano Rosso Riserva to DOCG in 1990
What are the communes of production of Barbaresco?Contentrated in these 3: -Barbaresco -Neive -Treiso Also permitted: -San Rocco Senodelvio (Part of Alba)
What is required to label Valpolicella ‘Superiore’?-an additional 1% abv -a min 1 year of aging
Which authorized varietal is usually bottled as rose in Valle d’Aosta?Premetta
What percentage of Corvinone may be substituted for Corvina in Amarone and Recioto DOCG?up to 50%
What is the capital of Lambardy?Milan
What is the difference between Amarone and Recioto della Valpolicella?-Both dried for over 3 months (Recioto typically for a month longer) -Recioto is usually semi sweet to sweet -Amarone is fermented to or near to dryness
What is the aging requirements to Recioto and Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG?Recioto: -none Amarone: -min 2 years (Jan 1) -riserva- 4 years (Nov 1 of harvest)
What are the DOCGs of the Veneto?-Soave Superiore -Recioto di Soave -Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco -Asolo Prosecco -Bardolino Superiore -Amarone della Valpolicella -Piave Malanotte -Lison (shared w/ Friuli) -Colli Euganei Fior d’Arancio -Friularo di Bagnoli -Montello Rosso -Recioto di Gambellara -Recioto della Valpolicella
What international varieties have attributed to IGT Sicilia’s success?Cabernet & Syrah
What are the major geographical features of Piedmont?The Apennine and Alp mountain ranges and the Po River
What are Abruzzo’s two premiere producers and what do they release their wines as?-Edoardo Valentini -Emilio Pepe (naturalistic) -Simply as Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
What is Moscato di Scanzo DOCG and where is it located?-Surrounds the town of Gergamo, west of Franciacorta -Sweet, passito red wine from a red Moscato grape
What is Chiavanesca?A synonym for Nebbiolo in Valtellina (Lombardy)
What percentage of Pinot Nero is required for Franciacorta Rose? Can it be made by blending or saignee method?-min 25 % Pinot Nero -Blending only
What is the most heavily planted grape on Sicily?Cataratto
What white wine grapes are important for the Alto-Adige DOC?-Chard -PG -PB -Muller Thurgau -SB -Gewurztraminer -Sylvaner
What is Pigato?A synonym for Vermentino in Liguria
What 3 grapes are used in the production of Marsala?-Inzolia -Grillo -Cataratto
What 5 communes are in the Valpolicella Classico region?-Fumane -Marano -Negrar -Sant’Ambrogio -San Pietro in Cariano
What is Sardinia’s sole DOCG?Vermentino di Gallua DOCG
Describe the wines that Dolcetto produces.Rustic framed, tannic, fruity wines with low acid
What is the main grape of Colli Orientali del Priuli Picolit DOCG and what style?-Picolit -Passito
Describe Vin Santo of Tuscany-high alcohol -almond and honey toned
What grapes are used to make Vin Santo?-Trebbiano and Malvasia (Grechetto is sometimes authorized) -Rose- min 50% Sangiovese added to the white grapes (labeled as ‘Occhio di Pernice’)
What does ‘Occhio di Pernice’ mean on a Vin Santo label?Rose
What abv is required for Valpolicella Ripasso DOC?-min 12.5% -Superiore- 13%
Where is the Bardolino DOC located?-Veneto -Between Valpolicella Classico and the eastern shores of Lake Garda
What portion of Trentino-Alto Adige’s wine is DOC?As of 2000, over 75%
How do the wines of Valtellina compoare to Piedmont Nebbiolo?Lighter and more angular
Where is the highly regarded Fattoria Selvapiana located?-Pomino DOC (Tuscany) -Located within Rufina
Where is the Valdadige DOC?A multi-regional DOC that encapsulates Trentino-Alto Adige and Verona in the Veneto
What Lambrusco DOC lies in Lombardy?Lambrusco Montovano DOC
What does Piedmont mean?’The foot of the mountains’
What are the sparkling wine DOCGs of the Veneto?-Recioto di Soave -Recioto di Gambellara -Recioto della Valpolicella -Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco -Asolo Prosecco -Colli Euganei Fior d’Arancio
What river carved the Valle d’Aosta?Dora Baltea River
What are Friuli’s most relevant and quality minded DOCs of its ten?-Collio (Collio Goriziano) -Colli Orientali del Friuli -Grave del Friuli
What grapes dominate the Bolgheri DOC? How long must Superiore be aged and what is the min abv?Rosso: -Cab, Merlot, Sangiovese (max 70% individually) Bianco: -Vermentino (Sauvignon and Trebbiano also allowed) Superiore: -Min 2 years (1 year in wood) -Min 12.5% abv
What are the sub zones of Chianti?-Rufina -Colli Fiorentini -Monespertoli -Colli Aretini -Colline Pisane -Colli Senesi -Montalbano
What are the aging requirements for Barolo normale? Riserva?Normale: -38 months from Nov 1 of the year of harvest (18 m in oak or chestnut) Riserve: -62 months from Nov 1 of the year of harvest (18 m in oak or chestnut)
When was the recipe for Chianti DOCg upgraded from 70-100%?-1996 -But as of 2009 only 70% is required
What indigenous Latium grape has its own DOCG?-Cesanese -Cesanese del Piglio DOCG
What is the main soil that characterizes the communes of Monforte d’Alba and Serralunga d’Alba?Helvetian sandstone soils, they supply more structure in the wines
What type of climate is Piedmont?A continental climate and the Alps provide a rainshadow effect
Who is credited for isolating and creating the first Brunello? When was it released? When was the first Brunello Riserva released?-Clemente Santi of Tenuta Greppo’s Biondi-Santi in 1865 -He released the first Riserva in 1888
How long must Brunello be aged?-Min 2 years in wood (4 m in btl) -Not released until Jan 1 of the 5th year following harvest Riserva: -min 2 years in wood (6m in btl) -Not released until Jan 1 of the 6th year following harvest
T or F- Veneto’s Prosecco DOC extends into FriuliTrue
What red grapes may be used to produce varietal wines in Liguria’s Riviera Ligure di Ponente DOC?-Ormeasco (Dolcetto) -Sangiovese -Rossese (Local red)
Where is Lazio located?South of Tuscany and Umbria on the Tyrrhenian coast
Where is Umbria located?East of Tuscany, land locked
What are the important indigenous white grapes grown in Piedmont?-Moscato Bianco (Muscat a Petit Grains) -Cortese -Arneis -Erbaluce -Favorita (Vermentino)
Where is Collio Goriziano DOC?Friuli (aka Collio)
What is the classic pairing for Lambrusco?Cured meats
What is the name of Ca’ Del Bosco’s prestige cuvee?Annamaria Clementi
What is the most important white grape in Liguria?Pigato
Where is Rosso della Val di Cornia DOCG?-Surrounds Bolgheri -Promoted in 2011 -Based on Sangiovese with higher proportions of Merlot and Cab Sauv
Where is the Suvereto DOCG and what is it?-Formerly a sub-zone of Val di Cornia DOCG -Borders Bolgheri -Promoted in 2011 -Based on CS or Merlot
What do the Superiore versions of Dogliani and Dolcetto d’Alba stipulate?A heightened level of alcohol
What are the important Barolo crus of the La Morra commune?-Brunate (shared with Barolo) -La Morra- Cerequio -La Morra- Le Rocche
What is the capital of Piedmont?Turin
Where is the Ramondolo DOCG and what is the main grape/style?-Friuli -Verduzzo Friulano (Bianco) -Passito
What are the 4 DOCs of Molise?-Biferno -Molise -Tintila del Molise -Pentro di Isernia
What is much of Puglia’s mass production devoted to?Vermouth, bulk blending, or distillate
What is Vermentino known as in Liguria?Pigato
What are the required atmospheres of pressure for Prosecco spumante and frizzante?-Spumante- min 3.5 -Frizzante- 1-2.5
What is the Gavi DOCG based on? What style can be produced?-Cortese -Still -Spumante or Frizzante
What is Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco’s most noteworthy cru and how is it labeled? What is required?-Cartizze -‘Valdobbiadene Superiore di Cartizzze’ -Fully sparkling, generally dry, with 17-35 gr RS
What percentage of the production of Emilia Romagna is DOC?barely 15%
What is the Trentino-Alto Adige synonym(s) for Trollinger?Tretino: Schiava Alto Adige: Vernatsch
Where is the Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG and what style of wines does it produce?-Marche, inland -Sparkling reds (dry or sweet) -min 40% of grapes must be passito
Where is the Lacrima di Moro d’Alba DOC and what style of wines does it produce?-Marche -Lacrima (rosso)- heady, floral, PN like character
What are the Barbaresco crus of the Treiso commune?-Treiso-Pajore -Bricco di Treiso
What are the major differences for the Chianti Classico DOCG?-min 80% Sangiovese -As of 2006, no white grapes are permitted -min 12% abv (11.5 for Chianti) -Must be aged for 1 year
Where is the Castelli Romani DOC and what are the grapes?-Lazio -Trebbiano and Malvasia
What is the traditional dessert wine DOC of Tuscany?Vin Santo
What geographical features moderate Umbria’s climate?-Lies in the rain shadow of the Apennines -The climate is moderated by the maritime winds from the Tyrrhenian Sea
What are the DOCGs of Tuscany?-Chianti -Chianti Classico -Carmignano -Morellino di Scansano -Brunello di Montalcino -Vino Nobile di Montepulciano -Vernaccia diSan Gimignano -Elba Aleatico Passito -Montecucco Sangiovese -Suvereto -Rosso della Val di Cornia
How long must Moscato di Scanzo DOCG be aged?A min 2 years (no wood required)
Where is the Primitivo di Manduria DOC?-Puglia -100% Primitivo
What are the 7 sub-appelations of the Vall d’Aosta DOC?-Arnad-Montjovet -Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle -Chambrave -Donnas -Enfer d’Arvier -Nus -Torette
What is generally considered the best cru in the village of Barolo?Cannubi
Where is the Piave Malanotte DOCG located and what is the main grape? What is the secondary grape? What is required of the winemaking process?-Veneto -Raboso Piave (rosso) -Max 30% Raboso Veronese -15-30% must be appassimento
What are the important Barolo crus of the Castiglione Falletto commune?-Castiglione-Bricco Rocche -Castiglione-Monprivato -Castiglione-Vilero -Castiglione-Bricco Fiasco
What are Friuli’s DOCGs?-Ramandolo -Colli Orientali del Friuli-Picolit -Lison (shared w/ Veneto) -Rosazzo
What are the DOCGs of Trentino-Alto Adige?It contains none
Where is Friularo di Bagnoli DOCG and what is the main grape?-Veneto -Raboso Piave
Where and what is Salice Salentino DOC?-Puglia -Rosso/rosato- Negroamaro -Bianco- Chard/ PB
What is Sardinia’s premiere red grape?Cannonau (Grenache)
True or False- Primitivo di Manduria DOC styles range from secco to dolceFalse- with the advent of Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG DOC wines cannot be sweet
What is the varietal makeup of Gambellara DOC?Garganega with a max 20% Trebbiano di Soave and Trebbiano di Toscana
When di Valpolicella Ripasso receive its own DOC?2009
What is the Franciacorta style DOCG of Piedmont?Alta Langa DOCG -Promoted in 2010 -Only became a DOC in 2002 -Based on PN and Chard
What red DOC is produced in the Orvieto province?Lago di Corbara DOC
What 3 provinces are in the hills of Monferrato and Langhe?Asti, Alessandria, and Cuneo
What grape has Aleatico been genetically linked to?Muscat a Petit Grains- possibly a red skinned mutation
How many communes may Barolo be produced in? What are the most important?-11 communes -These 5 account for 90% of the demarcated land: -La Morra -Barolo -Serralunga d’Alba -Monforte d’Alba -Castiglione Falletto
How does Friuli rank amongst Italy’s regions for DOC production?3rd Behind Trentino-Alto Adige and Piedmont
What 3 regions make up Tre-Venezie?-Veneto -Trentino-Alto Adige -Friuli-Venezia-Giulia
What is the only dessert wine to receive a DOCG?Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG
What is Tuscany’s sole white DOCG?Vernaccia di San Gimignano
What is Marzemino?An ancient red grape and parent of Teroldego, plays a major role in Trentino DOC varietal wines
What are the DOCs that highlight Pigato in Liguria?-Colli di Luni -Riviera Ligure di Ponente
What are the DOCGs of Piedmont?-Barolo -Barbaresco -Ghemme -Gattinara -Roero -Barbera del Monferrato Superiore -Barbera d’Asti -Dogliani -Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore -Brachetto d’Acqui -Ruche di Castagnole Monferrato -Gavi -Erbaluce di Caluso -Asti/ Moscato d’Asti -Alta Langa
What DOC covers the entire island of Sardegna?Cannonau di Sardegna DOC
What are the important Barbaresco crus in the Neive commune?-Neive-Serraboella -Neive-Gallina -Neive-Bassarin
What style may be labeled as Torgiano DOC?-Varietal wines -Rosso -Bianco -Spumante
What are Cannonau di Sardegna’s three sub-zones?-Oliena -Jerzu -Capo Ferrato
What is the major city of Alto-Adige?Bolzano-Bozen
What are the important Barolo crus of the Monforte d’Alba commune?-Monforte-Bussia -Monforte-Ginestra -Monforte- Santo Steffano
What is the premiere growing and historically important region for Schiava varietal wines in Alto Adige?Santa Maddelena (St. Magdelener)
What is required for Bardolino Superiore?-1 year aging - +1% of alcohol
What styles are permitted for Brachetto d’Acqui?-dry or sweet -sparkling or still (increasingly rare)
Who released Franciacorta’s first modern sparkling wine?Guido Berlucchi in the 1960s
How long must Rosso di Montalcino DOC be aged?1 year (no wood required)
What is Sant’Antimo DOC and when was it created?-1996 -Provides Montalcino producers an outlet for ‘Super Tuscan’ wines -Any grape (white or red) authorized in Tuscany may be used
What province is Taurasi DOCG located in?Avellino, in the Irpinia area
When did Antinori release the first vintage of Tignanello?1971
What 2 dessert wine DOCs from Zibibbo are on Sicily?-Moscato di Nooto (exceedingly rare, 70 acres) -Moscato di Siracusa (5 acres) -Located in southeastern Sicily
What clone of Sangiovese is permitted in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano? And what is the blend?-Prugnolo Gentile -min 70% -max 30% other Tuscan varieties (max 5% white varieties)
Name a modern and traditional producer of Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG.Modern- Marco Caprai Traditional- Paolo Bea
What is the most important DOC of Molise?Biferno DOC -Rosso/rosato- Montepulciano & Aglianico blends -Bianco- Trebbiano
What is the name of the ancient Campanian wine and what was the main grape?-Falernian -Aminean grape (thought to be Greco)
What province is Chianti Classico DOCG in?Firenze and Siena
What is grown on Europe’s highest vineyards on the slopes of Mont Blanc?Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle
What grape dominate the north of Sardinia? South?North- Vermentino South- Nuragus
When was Recioto di Gambellara promoted to DOCG?2008
Where is the Roero DOCG located in correlation to Barolo and Barbaresco?opposite the Tanaro River, on the North side
When did the EU Common Market Organization come online?From 2008 to 2011, moving power from Rome to Brussels
Describe the wines of Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto DOCG.tart, dry varietal wines produced from the Pignoletto grape in an area stretching southward from Bologna
Where are Ghemme and Gattinara located?Northeast Piedmont, north of the Po River, straddling the Sesia River
How long must Verdicchio di Metalica Riserva DOCG and Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG be aged? What % of Verdicchio is required?Both- min 18 m Both- min 85% Verdicchio Both can be released normale as DOC
What grapes dominate the Etna DOC?Rosso- Nerello Mascalese Bianco- Carricante
When did the first IGTs appear?Introduced in 1992 with the Goria’s Law -The first IGT didn’t appear until 1994
Who is credited in Friuli for adopting the techniques from Germany and Austria in the 1960s?Mario Schiopetto
How long must Taurasi DOCG be aged?Normale- 3 years (1 yr wood) Riserva- 4 years (18 m wood)
name 2 modern Amarone producers utilizing new barriques to add spice and density to the wines-Dal Forno -Allegrini
What are the difference between Asti and Moscato d’Asti?-Asti is a fully sparkling wine, blended from vast vineyards across southern Piedmont -Moscato d’Asti is rarer, more artisanal -Max allowed pressure was raised from 1.7 to 2 atmospheres in 2011 -Frizzante rather than spumante -Made from riper Moscato Bianco grapes -ABV 4.5-6.5%
Where are Verdicchio di Metalica nd Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio located respectively?Metalica- high altitude, further inland di Jesi- NE, on the Adriatic coast, within the Conero DOCG zone
What is the grape and sole producer of Breganze Torcolato DOC of the Veneto?-100% Vespaiolo- local, acidic white -Fausto Maculan
What is the capital of Umbria?Perugio
What are the sub-zones of Valtellina?-Valgella -Inferno -Grumello -Sassella -Maroggia
Name 2 traditionalist Barbaresco producers-Bruno Giacosa -Produttori del Barbaresco
What are the 4 original villages delimited in the now Chianti Classico zone by Grand Duke Cosimo Ill de’Medici in 1716?-Radda -Gaiole -Castellina -Greve
What are the following requirements of Sforzato di Valtellina: Aging? Style? Min abv?-Aged for 2 years (1 in wood) -Dry in character -min 14% abv
What and where is the Alcamo Bianco DOC?-Sicily -Table wines from Cataratto
What is the governo process?-Refermentation with juice of dried grapes to strengthen wine & initite malolactic fermentation– legally permitted -‘Governo all’uso Toscano’ must appear on the label -Most quality minded producers avoid it
What region ranks last amongst Italy’s wine regions for production?Valle d’Aosta
Where is Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC?Friuli
What brand catapulted Lambrusco into the international spotlight in theBanfi’s ‘Riunite’ brand
Name 3 modernist Barolo producers-Paolo Scavino -Luciano Sandrone -Elio Altare
What is the capital of MarchesAncona
What Chianti territory overlaps the low-altitude Carmignano? in what provinc-Chianti Montalbano -Prato
What unique process is used to make Amarone or Recioto?Appassimento
What is the synonym for Nebbiolo in Valle d’ Aosta?Picontendro
What Valpolicella modernist is located in the eastern valley of Illasi?Romano Dal Forno
Where is the Montello Rosso DOCG and what are the main grapes?-Veneto -Bordeaux grapes (including Carmenere)
What are the white DOCGs of Campania?-Greco di Tufo -Fiano di Avellino
When did Bolgheri receive DOC status? What color wines does it produce?-1994 -Red, white, rosato
Where and what is the Sannio DOC?-Campania -Dry and sweet passito wines from Falanghina
What portion of Carmignano must be Sangiovese? What else is required?-min 50% Sangiovese -10-20% combined CF or CS
What are the DOCGs of the Marche?-Vernaccia di Serrapetrona -Conero Rosso Riserva -Offida -Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva -Verdicchio di Metalica Riserva
What sub-appellations of Valle d’Aosta are dominated by Picotendro?-Donnas -Arnad-Montjovet
What is the main grape and required minimum for Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico?-Pinot Nero -Min 70%
Where is the Orvieto DOC?-Umbria and Lazio -Classico region is solely in Umbria
T or F- Recioto was developed as an extension of Valpolicella-False- it was modern Valpolicella’s precursor and a historical specialty of the region -Today, it represents a small subset of the appellations production
What grapes dominate the Bardolino Superiore DOCG?Corvina and Rondinella
What is the sole component of Dolceacqua DOC?Rossese, it is also known as Rossese di Dolceacqua
Where is Lagrein native to? Where does it also thrive?-Trentino -Alto Adige
Where is the Soave DOC?Borders the eastern edge of Valpolicella
What percentage is required to label Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico with ‘Pinot Nero’ or ‘Pinot Nero Rose’?min 85% PN
Can Recioto di Soave be botrytized?Yes, it is encouraged
What is Ormeasco?A synonym for Dolcetto in Liguria
T or F- most Recioto di Soave is stainless steel fermentedFalse- barrel fermentation is common
What is required to labe Vermentino di Gallura DOCG ‘Superiore’?Must show an additional 1% ABV– min 13%
What respective areas may be labeled on Amarone and Recioto della Valpolicella?-Classico -Valpantena
Where and what is Campi Flegrei DOC?-Campania -Falanghina based wines
Where is Santa Maddelena DOC and what is it for?-Alto Adige -Schiava varietal wines
Where is the Teroldego Rotaliano DOC?Trentino
Where is Traminer indigenous to?Alto Adige
What are the aging requirements for Valtellina Superiore DOCG? Riserva?-2 years (1 yr in oak) -Riserva- 3 years (1 yr oak)
When was Albana di Romagna promoted to DOCG?1987
What is Emilia Romagna’s second DOCG, awarded in 2011?Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto DOCG
What are the important Barbaresco crus in the Barbaresco commune?-Barbaresco-Asili -Barbaresco-Roncagliette -Barbaresco-Martinenga -Barbaresco-Rabaja
Where is Casteller DOC and what is it for?-Trentino -Schiava blended with Merlot and Lambrusco grapes
What is Italy’s second most planted grape?-Montepulciano -Most planted grape in Abruzzo
What is Schiava?-It is the Italian synonym for Trollinger -German speakers call it Vernatsch
What are the 3 100% Dolcetto DOCGs of Piedmont?-Dogliani -Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore (Ovada) -Dolcetto Diano d’Alba (Diano d’Alba)
What is Picontendro?A local synonym for Nebbiolo in Valle d’Aosta
Arrange these from North to South: -Morelino di Scansano -Carmignano -Brunello di Montalcino -Chianti Classico -Vino Nobile di Montepulciano-Carmignano -Chianti Classico -Vino Nobile -Brunello -Morellino
Describe the soil composition of the Monferrato and Langhe hillsThinner, calcareous marl and sandstone soils with varying percentages of clay and sand
What is Vernatsch?It is the German synonym for Trollinger -Italian speakers call it Schiava
Describe the wines of Vermentino di Gallura DOCGAromatic, rich wines that may see oak, although fresher styles are more common
Name 2 modern Brunello producers-Casanova di Neri -Mastrojanni
Does Trentino Alto Adige produce more red or white wine?More red
What are the indigenous red grapes of Piedmont?-Nebbiolo -Barbera -Dolcetto -Brachetto -Grignolino -Ruche -Croatina -Vespolina -Freisa
What are Liguira’s best known wines?-Cinque Terre DOC- light, Bosco based white wines -Despite advances in quality in other regions, these wines of Liguria are still the best known
What was the first still white wine to be promoted to DOCG in Piedmont?Gavi
Which of the following may be spumante? -Soave DOC -Soave Superiore DOCG -Recioto di Soave DOCG-Soave DOC -Recioto di Soave DOCG
What DOCs are located on the island of Pantelleria?-Moscato di Pantelleria DOC -Passito di Pantelleria DOC (Superior) (near the African Coast)
What DOCG is located on the site of French Emperor Napolean’s exile in 1814?-Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG -Isle of Elba
What style of wine is produced under the Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG?-Sweet, red passito wines -Promoted in 2011
How do the wines of Vino Nobile compare to Chianti or Brunello?-Tend to be less firm than Chianti -Tend to be less aggressively tannic than Brunello -Striking a softer balance
What wine may not be released until the Feast of St. Michael (Sept 29) of the third year following the harvest?Carmignano DOCG
What was Italy’s first DOC?-Vernaccia di San Gimignano -1996
What is the historical style of Sangrantino di Montefalco?Passito
Where is Vesuvio DOC located?-Campania -Blends based on Coda di Volpe and Verdeca
What is the DOCG in the hills of Monferrato based on the local Ruche grape?Ruche di Castagnole Monferrato -Promoted in late 2010
What is the sub-zone of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG?Cialla
What are the 2 common soil types in Chianti Classico?Galestro- soft, friable, marl-like (Sangio thrives on this) Alberese- sandstone
What is Sudtirol?The Austrian name for Alto Adige. It means South Tyrol. (tyrol is the southern province of Austria)
What are the DOCGs of Latium?-Ceranese del Piglio -Frascati Superiore -Cannelino di Frascati
Where is the Frascati Superiore DOCG and what is the principal grape?-Lazio -Malvasia
What is the aging requirement for Collli Orientali del Friuli Picolit and Cialla DOCGs? Cialla Riserva?Colli: -1 yr (not released until Sept 1) Cialla: -2 yrs (not released until Sept 1) -Riserva- 4 yrs (not released until Nov 1)
What are the Barbera based DOCGs of Piedmont?-Barbera d’Asti -Barbera del Monferrato Superiore -Both are east of the Langhe in the hills of Monferrato
What are the blending and aging requirements of Barbera d’Asti and Barbera del Monferrato Superiore?Both min 85% Barbera D’Asti- 4 m (no wood required) Del Monferrato- 14 m (6 m in cask)
What is the uvaggio of Morellino di Scansano and how long is it aged for?-min 85% Sangiovese (aka Morellino) -Normale- March 1 -Riserva- 2 yrs in barrel
When was Italy’s DOC system introduced?1963
What may Franciacorta producers release their still wines as?-Curtefranca DOC (Formerlly Terre di Franciacorta) -Sebino IGT
What soils characterize Montalcino?-Galestro- higher altitude vineyards -Clay- warmer, southern reaches
What DOCG is shared between the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia-Giulia ad what is the main grape?-Lison DOCG -Tai (Friulano)
What DOC accounts for most of Abruzzo’s white wines?Trebbiano d’Abruzzo DOC
What is the sparkling classification of Valpolicella?Reciote della Valpolicella DOCG
What type of wine does Lagrein produce?Denser, spicier wines
What is Dolcetto known as in Liguria?Ormeasco
What two DOCs are reminiscent of the historical styles of Sardinia?-Malvasia di Bosa DOC -Vernaccia di Oristano DOC
What historical DOC may even be fortified and produced in a style reminiscent of Spanish Sherry?Vernaccia di Oristano DOC
What is the major contrast of the DOC to the AOC system?DOCs generally require aging, AOCs almost never stipulate
What is the major city of the Veneto?Venice
What is Piedmont’s most planted red grape?Barbera
What are fruttai?Special lofts used to dry grapes before fermentation, effectively concentrating sugars and extract
What DOC surrounds the Conero Rosso Riserva DOCG?-Rosso Piceno DOC -Lighter Sangio and Montepulciano blends
How many sub-varieties of Lambrusco are there?Over 60
When can the wines of Carmignano DOCG be released?The wine may not be released until the Feast of St. Michael (Sept 29) of the third year following harvest
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