Genera Helicobacter

Question 1

Helicobacter, helix (spiral);bacter (rod); a spiral rod Pylorus, lower part of the stomach

Answer 1

Helicobacter pylori

Question 2

cinaedi, of a homosexual (the organism was first isolated from homosexuals with gastroenteritis)

Answer 2

Helicobacter cinaedi

Question 3

named after C. Fennell, who first isolated the organism

Answer 3

Helicobacter fennelliae

Question 4

G/S

Answer 4

Gram-negative, spiral-shaped

Question 5

Recommended stain

Answer 5

Warthin-Starry Silver Stain

Question 6

Selective medium:

Answer 6

Skirrow’s agar

Question 7

Motility

Answer 7

“corkscrew” motility with lophotrichous flagella

Question 8

Cell wall has:

Answer 8

a. LPS (lipid A)
b. Core oligosaccharide
c. O side chain

Question 9

similar to Lewis blood group which may protect the bacteria from immune clearance

Answer 9

O side chain

Question 10

Lab tests for the detection of H. pylori:

Answer 10

a. Gastric biopsy
b. Urease test
c. Urea breath test
d. Polyclonas and Monoclonal Immunoassay using a stool specimen

Question 11

Virulence factors of H. pylori

Answer 11

a. Urease
b. Mucinase
c. Phospholipase
d.Vacuolating Cytotoxin A (VacA)
e.Cytotoxin-associated gene (cagA)
f. Cag phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase (PAI)

Question 12

produces vacuoles in the stomach

Answer 12

Vacuolating Cytotoxin A (VacA)

Question 13

secrete type VI secretion system that interferes with normal cytoskeleton of epithelial cells

Answer 13

Cytotoxin-associated gene (cagA)

Question 14

induces IL-8 production which attracts neutrophils

Answer 14

Cag phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase (PAI)