Gene expression and proteins L7 Flashcards
gene=
fundamental unit of heritable, genetic information
what does a protein coding gene require
all the nucleotide sequence necessary to produce a mature messenger RNA (mRNA)
what happens between pre-mRNA and mRNA
splicing
where does transcription and splicing happen
in the nucleus
where does translation happen
cytoplasm
what controls where a gene is transcribed
promoters and regulatory sequences
what enzyme is a gene transcribed by
RNA polymerase
what binds to promoters and regulatory sequences
transcription factors (proteins)
which way does RNA polymerase move along the template DNA
3-5
which side does RNA add nucleotides to the growing chain
3
what is transcribed into pre-mRNA
exons and introns
what is splicing
the introns form a loop and are spliced out
what 2 maturations happen to mRNA
capping
polyadenylation
what is capping
a cap structure is added to the 5 end of mRNA shortly after transcription
polyadenylation=
at the 3 end of mRNA poly-A polymerase adds 100-300 adenine residues forming a poly-A-tail
